伴侶間的情感揭露與親密關係品質的關聯

論文摘要本研究之研究目的在於探討伴侶的情感揭露與親密關係品質之關聯。研究對象包括：三對異性戀伴侶及兩對同性戀伴侶，女同伴侶及男同伴侶各一對。五對中有兩對異性戀伴侶已婚。研究者採用主題分析為研究方法，並用半結構性深度訪談法及研究者自行設計之表單，來喚起伴侶間相關之的情感經驗，以蒐集資料。研究結果包括：一、研究伴侶所認知的親密關係：綜觀五對伴侶所認知的親密關係內涵，可以將親密關係視為是一種情感緊密的連結，透過各種形式希望可以感受到彼此的愛。彼此同在有相屬性，有別於其他人是獨特而重要的存在。因彼此的吸引與情感經營，感受到被在乎、重視、肯定、照顧、關心、尊重、包容、支持、信任、安心…等等，連結到愛與被愛的感受，彼此會期待有持續及未來性。當在描述所認知的親密關係時即為情感的揭露，自然呈現其需求與期待，當越貼近伴侶對彼此親密關係的描繪越能感受到親密感，而親密的伴侶希望被獨特與優先的被對待，是希望遠超過其他人的存在，而這也會讓彼此感到被在乎、重視和肯定。二、研究伴侶的情感揭露：從伴侶的情感揭露中得知：1.需在親密關係中尋得並回應到彼此情感揭露之需求；2.特別關注情感核心需求主要與感受到愛或不被愛有關；3.處理情感揭露後之核心需求，當不被滿足衍伸後續的種種問題；4.情感揭露中的分享交流、相互理解，可提供親密關係的回饋機制；5.在爭執中善意解讀彼此背後的需求具有關係的積極性。三、影響伴侶親密關係的品質因素：包含有1.親密關係的重要特質與要素可以增進親密關係的品質，包含有:彼此在一起，為愛加溫帶來正向感受並具有成長性、親密的肢體接觸可以傳達愛和感受到愛、包容與接納、信任與安全感，是親密關心的根基、彼此照顧、同理與回應力、親密需要有時間和空間的自在感、對感情有信心，願攜手並進等。2.親密關係需要增進情感連結同時預防傷害；3.正視並積極處理親密關係中的重要關鍵事件；4.情感揭露為尋求親密，需要彼此有正向的表達方式和回應；5.了解彼此的個人特質和成長經驗助於彼此的親密關係；6.看到肯定關係中彼此美好的、願意去做到的地方；7.自省、感謝、道歉、願意改變，增加關係免疫力；8.發展親密關係情感流動的正向循環與回饋。最後依據結果進行討論並提出建議，以供未來研究與實務工作者參考。同時希望助益於一般大眾。

關鍵字

親密關係；情感揭露；情感需求；情感回應；愛

並列摘要

Abstract The purpose of this reserch was to explore the relationship between a partner's emotional disclosure and the quality of intimacy. The subjects included: three heterosexual couples and two homosexual couples, one lesbian and one gay couple. Two heterosexual couples were married. The researcher adopts the Hermeneutic phenomenological approach as the research method, and uses the semi-structured in-depth interview method and the form designed by the researcher to evoke the related emotional experiences of the couples to collect data. The findings include: 1.Study the intimate relationship perceived by partners: Looking at the connotation of intimate relationship perceived by five couples, we can regard intimacy as an emotionally close connection, and we hope to feel each other's love through various forms. Being with each other has the attributes, and being different from others is a unique and important existence. Because of each other's attraction and maintain intimatcy relationship , they feel cared for, valued, affirmed, cared for, respected, tolerant, supported, trusted, reassured, etc., connected to the feeling of love and being loved, and each other will look forward to a sustainable and future. When describing the perceived intimacy, it is the disclosure of emotion, and its needs and expectations are naturally presented. When the closer to the partner's description of each other's intimacy, the more intimacy can be felt, and intimate partners want to be unique and prioritized. To be treated is to hope far beyond the existence of other people, and this will also make each other feel cared for, valued and affirmed. 2.Studying the emotional disclosure of partners: From the emotional disclosure of partners, we know:(1). The need to find and respond to each other's emotional disclosure in intimate relationships; (2). Pay special attention to the core emotional needs mainly related to feeling loved or not being loved Love-related;(3). Deal with the core needs after emotional disclosure, when not satisfied with subsequent problems;(4). Sharing, communication and mutual understanding in emotional disclosure can provide a feedback mechanism for intimacy; (5). Goodwill in disputes Interpreting the needs behind each other has relationship positivity. 3.Quality factors affecting the intimate relationship of partners: including (1). Important characteristics and elements of intimate relationship can improve the quality of intimate relationship, including: being with each other, bringing positive feelings to love and warming and having growth and intimacy Physical contact can convey love and feel love, tolerance and acceptance, trust and security, it is the foundation of intimate care, mutual care, empathy and responsiveness, intimacy requires a sense of freedom with time and space, confidence in feelings, willingness to Hand in hand and so on.(2). Intimate relationships need to enhance emotional connection and prevent harm;(3). Face up to and actively deal with important key events in intimate relationships;(4). Emotional disclosure In order to seek intimacy, each other needs to have positive expressions and responses; (5). Understand each other’s feelings Personal traits and growth experience help each other's intimacy;(6). See and affirm each other's good things in the relationship and are willing to do it;(7). Introspection, gratitude, apology, willingness to change, and increase relationship immunity;(8). Develop intimacy The positive cycle and feedback of relational emotional flow. Finally, the results are discussed and suggestions are put forward for future research and practitioners' reference. At the same time hope to help the general public.