越南女性移民對臺灣的期望落差與認同

新北市越南女性移民前後對臺灣的期望落差如何影響其認同的呈現？這是本研究的問題。首先，從文獻中釐清新住民的相關背景、動機及來臺後的生活面貌，以鋪陳本研究問題的脈絡，並以新北市的越南女性新住民為主要研究對象，希望藉此了解她們移民前對臺灣的意象、移民後的生活經驗及對臺灣產生的認同感方式。本研究以半結構式的深度訪談為主，文獻分析法為輔，訪談因和臺籍丈夫結婚而移民到臺灣的15位越南女性新住民，共同參與研究，以「情感認同」、「經濟認同」、「生活環境認同」或「政治認同」等面向探討其認同的呈現方式。研究發現未對臺灣產生「情感認同」者，也是唯一無法對臺灣產生認同者。可見得，「情感的歸屬」是影響認同的重要關鍵，遠甚於經濟、生活環境或政治因素的認同。而「生活環境認同」者有10位，「經濟認同」者有9位，皆為重要的影響因素。移民後對臺灣的期望達成與否，固然影響著其認同，在臺灣生活的種種感觸，也深深影響其對臺灣的認同度。所以，也有可能與預期的期望相違背，但因對臺灣有著其它的依戀，因而也對臺灣有所認同。

關鍵字

女性移民；期望落差；認同

並列摘要

This study focuses on Vietnamese female immigrants in New Taipei City to find out how the gap between the expectations for Taiwan before and after the immigration affects their identity. First, we start with the literature to clarify the background, motivation, and aspects of life of the immigrants in Taiwan. Hence, we hope to understand their image for Taiwan before the immigration, their life experience and identity of Taiwan after the immigration. The study is mainly based on semi-structured deep interviews and supplemented by document analysis. The subjects of study are 15 Vietnamese female immigrants who are married to Taiwanese husbands. To clarify the aspects of their identity, the study divides it into "emotional identity", "economic identity", "living environment identity”, and "political identity". The study discovers that the fulfillment of expectations for Taiwan will actually affect immigrants’ identity to Taiwan; within the identity, “emotional attachment” is the most important one, follow by “economic identity” , "living environment identity”, and "political identity". The "living environment identity " accounted for ten, "economic identity" accounted for nine, are all important factors. However, all kinds of living experiences also deeply affect immigrants’ identity with Taiwan, despite of the contrary expectations, immigrants may still identify with Taiwan because of other attachments.