- 學位論文
臺中地區犯罪矯正機關員工之電腦網路態度、工作特性對工作績效影響之研究
A study of Impact on the Job Performance of Staffs’ Internet Attitudes, Operating Characteristics in Correctional Institutions in Taichung Area.
摘要
本研究目的旨在探討臺中地區犯罪矯正機關員工之電腦網路態度、工作特性對工作績效影響之研究。本研究之研究工具為參考國內外相關文獻所編制之結構式問卷，問卷內容包含基本背景資料、電腦網路態度量表、工作特性量表以及工作績效量表。研究對象為臺中監獄、臺中女子監獄、臺中看守所及臺中戒治所等四所犯罪矯正機關員工，取樣共377 人，有效回收率為78.4%。所得問卷資料以SPSS12.0 軟體，進行百分比、平均值、標準差、獨立樣本t 檢定、單因子變異數分析、薛費氏事後比較法、Brown & Forsythe 檢定、Pearson 積差相關以及多元迴歸分析等統計分析。 本研究主要之結論如下： 一、犯罪矯正機關員工電腦網路態度具備中等程度，尤其是在「感覺有用性」 構面。 二、犯罪矯正機關員工工作特性具備中上等程度，尤其是在「工作重要性」構面。 三、犯罪矯正機關員工工作績效具備中上程度，尤其是在「情境績效」構面。 四、影響犯罪矯正機關員工在電腦網路態度的因素為性別、年齡、機關類型、 服務年資、職務和接觸電腦網路時間。 五、影響犯罪矯正機關員工在工作特性的因素為性別、年齡、機關類型、服 務年資和職務。 六、影響犯罪矯正機關員工在工作績效的因素為年齡、服務年資。 七、電腦網路態度對工作績效具有正相關，以「感覺有用性」最具預測力。 八、工作特性對工作績效具有正相關，以「工作完整性」最具預測力。 九、電腦網路態度、工作特性對工作績效具有正相關，以「工作特性」最具預測力。 根據以上結論，本研究分別針對相關主管單位、犯罪矯正機關員工及後續研究提出以下的建議： 一、對相關主管單位之建議： （一）開辦電腦網路課程，多點開放電腦網路，以提升員工電腦網路素養。 （二）加強防護技能訓練，提供安全的工作環境，提高員工滿意度。 （三）利用標竿學習，鼓勵表現良好者。 二、對犯罪矯正機關員工之建議： （一）提高自己對電腦網路態度的準備度。 （二）持續學習執勤技巧，建立正確執勤知能。 （三）建立互助合作的理念。 三、對後續研究之建議： （一）研究工具方面，發展較多元的量表，適合工作性質較特殊的工作族群使用。 （二）研究變項方面，增加影響工作績效的因素及其他背景變項加以探討，可獲得較廣泛的驗證。 （三）用質化的方式更深入探討，建議輔以焦點團體、深入訪談法等質化研究方法，能更了解受試者的感受與想法，使研究結果更具參考價值。 （四）研究對象方面，未來研究的對象可往擴展至全國各犯罪矯正機關，以豐富相關研究成果。
並列摘要
This study aims to explore the impact on the Job Performance of Staffs’ Internet Attitudes, Operating Characteristics in Correctional Institutions in Taichung Area. A total of 377 staff in Taiwan Taichung Prison, Taiwan Taichung Women’s Prison, Taichung Detention Center, and Taiwan Taichung Drug Abstention and Treatment Center were invited to participate in this study. The instrument for data collection in this study is a self-designed structured questionnaire based on literature reviews. The software package SPSS 12.0 for Windows is used to organize and analyze all the quantitative data from the structured questionnaire. Descriptive analyses are performed with percentage, average, and standard deviation. T-test is conducted to see if there is a significant change on participants’ internet attitudes, operating characteristics, and job performance. A one way ANOVA is conducted to explore the factors related to participants’ internet attitudes, operating characteristics, and job performance. Scheffe post-hoc method, Pearson’s product-moment correlation coefficient, and regression analysis are used to examine the relationship between operating characteristics and job performances. The response rate of the questionnaire is 78.4%. The major results of this study indicate that (1) the staff in the correctional institutions has a moderate degree of attitude toward Internet, especially on “usefulness;” (2) a moderate degree of operating characteristics, especially on “importance;” (3) a mid-high degree of job performance, especially on “contextual performance.” Moreover, factors associated to those staff’s attitudes toward Internet are gender, age, types of organizations, seniority, position, and time length of using Internet; factors affecting their operating characteristics are gender, age, types of organization, seniority and position; factors affecting the staff’s job performances are age, and seniority. Besides, there is a positive correlation between attitudes toward Internet and job performances, especially on the item of “usefulness.” A significant correlation between operating characteristics and job performances is found, particularly on the item of “job completion.” Also, significant correlations are indicated between attitudes toward Internet, operating characteristics and job performances, especially on the item of operating characteristics. According to the conclusions of this study, some implications and suggestions for future research are provides. To the government authorities, the provision of security management of using Internet and easy access to Internet is suggested. The establishment of benchmarking and encouragement of good performance is also important. To correctional Institutions’ staff, it is important to have the ideas of the preparation for using Internet, the professional knowledge of duty, and team work. The development of multi-scale questionnaire for special groups, the addition of factors affecting job performances and other variables, the application of qualitative method, such as group discussion, interview, etc., and the coverage of national-wide staff in correctional institutions are suggested to the future studies.