社會工作內涵之“正義倫理”實踐-我們能做些什麼？

自2013年起，臺灣發生許多危及社會大眾健康安全與侵犯人民權利的不正義事件，例如：洪仲丘事件、食安風暴等，而從這些不正義的事件中受到啟發的我，開始去思考重視「社會正義」的社會工作專業在這些社會事件中之功能與角色為何。專業訓練及倫理守則中都強調，社會工作者要致力於消除不利於社會弱勢群體的環境，進而維護整體社會的正義和促進整體社會和諧與人類福祉，但事實上，社會工作專業對維護社會正義做了多少？又社會工作者都了解「社會正義」其中的定義及該如何實踐嗎？因此，本研究聚焦於探究社會工作者對「社會正義概念」的認知，以及了解社會工作者是如何實踐社會正義，藉此將社會工作者認同的社會正義概念與社會工作倫理守則中表述之概念相結合，以產出具體並可操作的概念提供社會工作者在執業時依循，希冀減少不正義和壓迫的事件發生，甚者由社會工作者將此概念延伸至社會大眾，讓整體社會更加的和諧安樂。本研究訪談對象為具實務經驗之社會工作者，藉由深度訪談蒐集受訪者自身經驗後歸納並整理出社會正義概念，以及實踐社會正義之檢核表。研究發現社會工作者大多無法對社會正義概念進行具體闡述，但於實務場域中皆能實踐，同時是與倫理守則中所教導的相符合。然而，也發現社會正義之實踐在實務場域中存在許多阻撓，例如：制度僵化、機構導向、個體因素等，這些阻撓對社會工作專業帶來衝擊，造成社會工作者執業時雖努力實踐社會正義但事倍功半，故在最後的建議中我提出一些改善現況的方式以及檢核表，用以協助社會工作者在面對壓迫及不正義事件時決策判斷的參考和依準。

關鍵字

社會工作倫理；社會正義

並列摘要

Since 2013, many controversial social injustices that endangered public rights, safety, and health has arisen in Taiwan. Such as the tragic death of young Corporal Hung Chung-Chu, food security storms and so on. That inspired me to think about how social work professionals can do in these social events. As the professional training and ethical codes emphasized, principles of human rights and social justice are fundamental to social work, and we, social workers, have a responsibility to challenge and improve the unfriendly environment for the disadvantaged communities, thus we can maintain the social justice and promote the human well-being. But in fact, what’s the practical role of social workers in defending social justice? Moreover, does every social worker know what “social justice” is and how to practice it? In order to have deeper insight of this topic, this study was focused on how social workers explained the concept of "social justice" and the practical experience of how they realized it. Furthermore, the result can also be used to integrate the academic disciplines and the practice to provide specific and operable criterions which social workers can comply with, to reduce injustice cases and oppressive events occur. Moreover, the concept of social justice can diffuse from social workers to community, so that the whole society can be more harmony and peace. In this study, I used in-depth interview to collect information from social workers who has practice experience, to know what kinds of social justice concept they agreed with. The result shows that most social workers cannot address the concept of social justice specifically, but in the practice, they actually followed the disciplines in social work ethics. However, the result also shows some obstructions against social justice practice, for example: rigid system, agency guide, individual factors and so on. This obstructions already turned down the working efficiency of social workers. Therefore, in the last section, I provided some specific suggestions aiming to assist the social workers through those injustice and oppressive situations.