台北地區兒童中文韻尾鼻音合流現象之研究

A Study on Mandarin Syllable-final Nasal Merger in Taipei Children

洪瑞梅(Renee Jui-mei Hung)

指導教授 ： 馮怡蓁

國立臺灣師範大學/文學院/英語學系/碩士(2006年)

摘要

本研究探討台北地區兒童對於中文韻尾鼻音的合流規則。研究問題包括：(1) 兒童習得韻尾鼻音規則的發展趨勢，(2) 語言情境對規則應用的影響，(3) 正規語言教育對規則應用的影響，(4) 鼻音合流現象對人們心理詞彙組織的影響。
研究結果發現台北兒童與成人一致地應用eng-->en規則，in->ing 規則也是廣泛地被應用，但是幼稚園和小二的學生應用情形不像年長學生以及成人來的頻繁。幼稚園組對此規則較少應用，認為是他們對這個規則尚未發展純熟的關係，而小二生的情形則可能是受到學習注音符號的影響，只是此影響並不會持續很久。研究結果也發現人們的心理詞彙組織同樣受到韻尾鼻音規則的影響，導致心理詞彙中同音字的數量可能增多。

關鍵字

韻尾鼻音 ； 鼻音合流 ； 兒童語言

並列摘要

he present study examines the merge rules of syllable-final nasals in Taiwan Mandarin by Taipei children. The research questions of the study include: (1) what children’s developmental trend in acquiring these rules is like, (2) whether there is a condition effect in the application of nasal rules, (3) whether the formal education of language has any effect on the rule application, and (4), whether nasal merge affects people’s organization in their mental lexicon.
Results revealed that Taipei children and adults uniformly apply the eng-->en rule. The in-->ing rule was widely applied too, but the kindergarteners and Grade-2 students did not apply this rule as frequently as older students and adults. The kindergarteners’ low application rates in the in->ing rule were accounted for by their immaturity of this rule. The discouragement in the Grade-2 students’ in-->ing application was possibly due to the effect of the instruction of Zhuyinfuhao, but the effect did not last long. The results also indicated that the nasal merge existed in people’s lexical organization too. The number of homophones might increase in people’s mental lexicon.

並列關鍵字

syllable-final nasal ； nasal merger ； children's speech

參考文獻

National Taiwan Normal University (國立台灣師範大學國音教材編輯委員會).

Tsao, Feng-fu (曹逢甫). 2000. 臺式日語與臺灣國語—百年來在臺灣發生的兩個語言接觸實例. 漢學研究 18, 273-297.

Tse, John Kwock-Ping (謝國平). 1998. 台灣地區年輕人ㄓㄔㄕ與ㄗㄘㄙ真的不分嗎? 華文世界,第90期,頁1 – 7.

Bybee, Joan. 2002. Word frequency and context of use in the lexical diffusion of phonetically conditioned sound change. Language Variation and Change 14, 261-290.

Erbaugh, Mary S. 1997. The Acquisition of Mandarin. In Slobin, Dan Isaac (ed). The Crosslinguistic Study of Language Acquisition. Volume 3. Hillsdale, N.J.: L. Erlbaum Associates.