本研究係採調查研究法,以台北縣市國民小學(共五間),四至六年級普通班學童(樣本數1008名:有效樣本數971名)為研究對象,探討國小學童父母親依附關係、生活型態、利社會行為之間的關係。 針對研究目所使用之研究工具,包括:「兒童生活型態量表」、「父母與同儕依附量表」及「日常利社會行為自陳量表」,並於施測後將所得資料進行統計分析。 研究主要發現歸納如下: 一、不同性別的國小學童在父母親依附關係與利社會行為上,女生高於男生;在生活型態上,女生高於男生。 二、不同年級的國小學童在父母親依附關係上,四年級高於六年級。在生活型態上,六年級部分高於四、五年級生;在利社會行為上,四年級部分高於五年級學生。 三、國小學童父母親依附關係與生活型態之間有典型相關存在,且與父母親的依附品質越佳,越容易傾向「社會型」與「個人型」;國小學童之「信任」、「溝通」愈低者,「疏離」愈高者,其生活型態中的「社會型」、「個人型」得分越低,「支配型」與「逃避型」程度也愈高。 四、國小學童父母親依附關係與利社會行為之間有典型相關存在,兒童與父母「正向」、「積極」的互動越高,則兒童的「利社會行為」也愈佳。 五、國小學童生活型態與利社會行為之間有典型相關存在,國小學童在生活型態中的「社會型」與「個人型」與利社會行為有正向關係。 最後再根據研究結果,提出結論及具體建議,作為從事教育、輔導工作者及未來研究之參考。
This study used questionnaires to explore the attachment relationship, life style, and prosocial behavior among elementary students.Samples came from students studying in Taipei County, in the grade of four to six. As to goal of this study, the research tools were as follows, “Children Life Style Questionnaire”, “Parents Attachment Relationship Questionnaire” and “Daily Prosocial Behavior Questionnaire”. The results were as follows, 1.In terms of different genders, students in parents’ attachment relationship, prosocial behavior and life style, girls got higher scores than boys. 2.In terms of different grades, the 4th graders scored higher than the 6th graders. On the other hand, the 6th graders scored higher than the 4th and the 5th ones in life style. As for prosocial behavior, the 4th graders scored higher than the 5th graders. 3.In my study, among elementary school students, those had better quality of parents attachment were tended to prosocial and personality behavior ;on the contrast, those had alienative behavior were tended to control and evade with others. Therefore the study obliquely demonstrated that attachment and life style have classic relationship. 4.Parents attachment relationship was positively correlated with prosocial behavior. 5.In my study, the social and personality behavior in life style have positive relationship with prosocial behavior.Consequently the study had demonstrated that life style and prosocial behavior have classic relationship. Based on the results, this researcher provided conclusion and concrete suggestions for future study and for people interested in education and students counseling.