中國桌球運動員步法訓練之研究

A study on the footwork training of China table tennis players

黃世安

指導教授 ： 詹德基

國立臺灣師範大學/運動與休閒學院/體育學系/碩士(2010年)

摘要

步法是桌球揮拍擊球環節中的一個重要組成部分，在桌球運動中佔著重要的地位，隨著世界各國桌球運動技術水準不斷的迅速發展與提高，比賽雙方皆透過控制落點來調動對方而爭取主動，所以，身體活動的範圍因而就越來越大，對步法靈活的要求也就相對的提高，加強步法和手法的訓練對提高訓練水準至關重要。基於上述，本研究目的在於探討中國桌球運動員步法訓練發展的情形，並提出具體方案來提高步法訓練效果，以期望能提供台灣體育訓練相關單位及桌球運動教練對步法訓練的參考。研究採用文獻分析和內容分析法，主要從相關文獻探討中國桌球運動員步法訓練的發展。研究結果如下：一、步法訓練方法很多，不論年輕選手或技術水準較高的運動員，其在比賽中步法的運用會因對手水準與打法不同而影響，教練應從青少年的生理和心理特徵出發，針對運動員實際需要與個人特質來選擇不同訓練方法，主要把握從準備姿勢，判斷與反應、腳蹬地的力量，身體重心的變換和腰的靈活性，腳步移動的方法等方面加強訓練。二、中國桌球步法的訓練，可歸納為由簡到繁，由易到難，由慢到快的原則，結合手法練習統籌安排，這也是中國桌球水準名列世界前茅的一個重要因素。三、新世紀的桌球運動，要適應現代桌球技術的發展，步法訓練要貫徹全面訓練原則，進而突出自身特長風格。桌球手法朝著「積極主動、技術全面、戰術多樣」的方向發展，桌球步法朝著「快速到位、移動準確、簡便實用」的方向前進。

關鍵字

中國 ； 桌球 ； 步法 ； 桌球訓練

並列摘要

Footwork was an important part of the flicking and hitting of table-tennis; moreover, it also played an indispensible role in this sport. With the rapid development and promotion of the table-tennis techniques all over the world, both of the players tried to control the placement of the ball to get the active attack. Thus, the range of the body movement became broader and broader, and it put more emphasis on the criterion of the footwork. In short, it’s very essential to advance the players’ level by strengthening the training of footwork and techniques. The purpose of the research is to investigate the development of the table-tennis players’ footwork training in China, as well as propose the concrete plans to enhance the effects of footwork training to give a reference to the physical education training authorities and table-tennis coaches about the footwork training. In addition, the document analysis and content analysis were used in the investigation, and it probeb the development of China table-tennis players’ footwork training from the related literature. The result is as follows:The techniques about the footwork training are various. No matter whether young or high-level players, the footwork application to the matches will be affected by the rivals’ level and techniques. Consequently, with the concerns about players’ physical and psychological features, the coaches should choose different training methods due to the players’ real needs and characteristics. The training techniques can be improved from the aspects of the ready stance, judgment and reaction, the power of the footstep, the change of the body’s center of gravity, the flexibility of the waist, as well as the way of the foot movement. In the footwork training in China, the training followed the principles from the simple to the complex, the easy to the difficult, as well as the slow to the fast, and it also combined with the co-coordinating techniques into practice. As a result, it’s a significant reason for China to get the high level in table-tennis all over the world. Nowadays, modern table-tennis techniques are supposed to be integrated in this sport; hence, the total training principles should be implemented thoroughly in the footwork training, so that its characteristics can stand out. The table-tennis techniques develop toward the directions of “initiative, total technique and various tactics”; what’s more, the table-tennis footwork makes progress toward the directions of “quick reach, accurate movement and the use of simplicity and practicality”.

並列關鍵字

China ； table-tennis ； footwork ； table-tennis training

參考文獻

陳淑滿（2000）。我國桌球運動發展概況之研究，大專體育，49，78-82。

陳淑滿、蔡秀芳（1999）。桌球運動之體能結構及訓練方法，大專體育，45，54－58。

詹德基（1990）。中共體育運動委員會的發展與分析。臺北市：中華臺北奧會。

參考文獻

大支ㄟ桌球人生（2006）。抽球的正確性。線上檢索日期：2010年4月18日。網址：http://tw.myblog.yahoo.com