測量動機對師大學生學業成就的影響

Measuring the Impact of Motivation on NTNU Students’ Academic Performance

呂佳蓉(Chia-Jung Lu)

指導教授 ： 施正屏

國立臺灣師範大學/國際與僑教學院/國際人力資源發展研究所/碩士(2011年)

摘要

本研究以師大大學部修習通識課(管理學及行銷學)學生為研究對象,共232個樣本數來研究動機與學習成就的關係. 研究者以三種動機理論來測試學生的學習成就--包括歸因理論,動機理論,自效理論. 分析工具則採用描述統計,t檢定和迴歸. 本研究發現師大的學生有高度的內在動機. 他們通常把學業成功歸因於"努力";他們擁有自信;他們可以獨力完成一份工作. 此外,他們的父母給他們自主權. 因此本研究建議應加強學生的內在動機與自效,以提高學習成就. 另外,本研究發現人口統計資料對學生有重大影響,如性別: 女生高於男生; 區域則有城鄉差距. 學生家長的收入對學生也有重大影響--較低收入家庭的學生比較高所得家庭的學生動機高. 本研究可增益於老師,家長和學生.

關鍵字

動機 ； 歸因理論 ； 外在動機 ； 內在動機 ； 自效 ； 學業成就

並列摘要

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between motivation and the academic performance in university students at NTNU. The motivation is highly emphasized, which we use three theories including attribution theory, intrinsic motivation and extrinsic motivation, and self-efficacy to test the hypotheses in this study. The researcher uses the self-designed questionnaire to explore students’ motivation. The participants are 232 students, from freshmen to senior, who take the General Education courses (management and marketing) in NTNU.
The researcher used descriptive statistics, t-test, and regression to examine variables among them and analyzed the interaction with the academic performance. This study discovered that there’s a positive relationship between students’ motivation and academic performance. Generally speaking, NTNU students have high motivations. And they are hardworking persons; they have confidence in themselves. They also own independent ability to complete a job. Besides, their parents give them autonomy. Thus, it’s important to enhance students’ intrinsic motivation and self-efficacy, so that they can improve their academic performance. In addition, the demographics have influences on their academic performance, for example, gender: male get worse grades than females; region (rural or urban): the region has large gaps between rural and urban. Also, the income of their parents has much effect on students’ motivation. Lower income students have higher motivations than upper income students. This study can benefit teachers, parents, and students.

並列關鍵字

motivation ； attribution theory ； extrinsic motivation ； intrinsic motivation ； self-efficacy ； academic performance

參考文獻

蘇郁嵐、陳李綢 (民96) 。國中生社會地位、合作與競爭對其英語科學業成就、社會焦慮、成就動機及歸因風格之影響。教育心理學報，39:1，111-127。

Boon, R., Fore, C., Blankenship, T., & Chalk, J. (2007). Technology-based practices in social studies instruction for students with high-incidence disabilities: A review of the literature. Journal of Special Education Technology, 22(4), 41-56. Retrieved December 29, 2009, from ProQuest Education Journals. (Document ID: 1512557951).

Caron A. T. (2007). Learning multiplication: The easy way. The Clearing House, 80(6), 278-282.

Douglas, H. B. (2001). Teaching by principles: An interactive approach to language pedagogy. (2nd ed). USA: Addison Wesley Longman.

Ellefsen, G., & Beran, T. (2007). Individuals, families, and achievement: A comprehensive model in a Canadian context. Canadian Journal of School Psychology, 22(2), 167-181. Retrieved December 29, 2009, from CBCA Education. (Document ID: 1410900631).