預見未來的你-籃球傳球知覺預期能力之探討

Anticipate the Future:The influence of anticipation and kinesthesis performance in basketball passing

徐玉(Hsu, Yu)

指導教授 ： 劉有德

國立臺灣師範大學/運動與休閒學院/運動科學研究所/碩士(2011年)

摘要

快攻是籃球進攻戰術中極為重要的一部分，也是一種武器，它能最有效地破壞防守戰術，在防守方還未有效組織防守時，迅速的發動攻勢，使己方能在無人防守或是以多打少的優勢下，最有效之攻擊方式之一。傳統的進攻皆以後衛作為進攻的起始點，然而現代籃球的趨勢已經演變成人人皆可為發動者。在長傳動作中，籃球員必頇以有效的知覺預期能力，快速、準確的將球傳到目標。目的: 檢驗不同進攻位置選手在執行籃球快攻傳球工作時，知覺預期能力和傳球準確性的關係。方法:本研究以大專籃球聯賽公開男一級後衛及中鋒各6名共12名參與者，每人需執行15次快攻長傳，參與者需將球傳到目標位置，球出手後即受遮蔽眼鏡影響失去視覺，需以按鍵方式表示接球者及球到達目標位置的時間。實驗以高速攝影機拍攝實驗過程的影片，液晶視覺遮蔽眼鏡由紅外線光感應器啟動，經Kwon3D動作擷取軟體將影片資料數據化，以混合二因子變異數分析比較不同位置與不同表現的差異，組別內的時間預期能力和動作知覺能力的誤差，顯著水準設為α＝.05。結果:(1)後衛在傳球準確性、傳球知覺表現優於中鋒，(2)後衛和中鋒的傳球知覺誤差皆顯著高於時間預期誤差，(3)後衛和中鋒的時間預期誤差沒有顯著差異。結論:知覺預期能力對於籃球傳球相當重要，後衛比中鋒有更好的傳球知覺表現，因此有較佳傳球準確表現。

關鍵字

籃球傳球 ； 快攻 ； 預期 ； 動作知覺

並列摘要

Fast break is one of the important factor in basketball offensive tactics. Fast break gives the team the most favorable situation for a fast and easy basket, furthermore, it leads to a fast offense before the opponent organizes an effective defense. The traditional approach required guard to organize and control the offence, but in the modern basketball games, everyone can be, and must be the playmaker. Basketball players must have an effective anticipation and kinesthetic ability to execute a successful lead pass. Purpose: The study investigated the influence of the anticipatory and kinesthetic performance to the accuracy of the lead pass in different offensive positions of basketball team. Methods: Twelve male basketball players who were currently playing in the division A of the University Basketball Association (UBA) in Taiwan participated in the study (6 guards and 6 centers). The participants were required to perform 15 lead passes. There was a target area where the ball must arrive, vision occluded by liquid crystal goggles at ball releas, and the participants indicated the time of the arrival of the ball/receiver by pressing a button. Liquid crystal goggles were triggered by infrared light sensor. Two high speed cameras (200fps) and Kwon3D motion digitizing system were used to capture the ball/receiver position data. The data were submitted to the two way (2 position X 2 performance) mixed design ANOVA. Results: (1) For the pass accuracy, the guards were better than the centers. (2) For the kinesthesis performance, the guards were better than the centers. (3) For the anticipation performance, there was no difference between the 2 positions. Conclusions: The anticipation and kinesthetic ability are important to basketball lead pass, basketball guards outperformed the centers in their kinesthesis performances so were the lead pass accuracy.

並列關鍵字

basketball pass ； fast break ； anticipation ； kinesthesis

參考文獻

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