中國傳統十二生肖圖形幾何簡化之研究

呂妍慧(Yen-hui Lueh)

指導教授 ： 施令紅

國立臺灣師範大學/藝術學院/美術學系/碩士(2011年)

摘要

十二生肖是中國人重要的文化要素，而中國傳統圖案也是設計時常應用的元素之一，在如此具有歷史及已廣泛應用的傳統題材上，本研究創作以精鍊的傳統圖案為藍本，借鏡西方對於造形的研究、簡化的思維，利用西方對於造形的理解，對於傳統圖案進行簡化，以「中體西用」的精神為主體，使造形既能延續傳統特色又能具有現代美感。首先整理就各書籍中剪紙、肖形印、畫像石、畫像磚、銅鏡、瓦當……等等民間藝術、器物中的中國傳統十二生肖動物造形，觀察、分析傳統生肖動物造形的特色。另一方面，對於現代主義設計的脈絡以及幾何構成做一整理，從新藝術以降至國際主義的現代設計史進行回顧，並整理造形幾何構成論述、現代幾何簡化風格設計師、動物造形相關設計案例，作為簡化設計的參考。以中國十二生肖以傳統造形為藍本，融入西方幾何構成的思維，利用圓弧對傳統動物造形作簡化，使其既能有傳統造形的形態，又能簡潔有力。同時配合吉祥圖案具有寓意特性，整理動物及其諧音成語，作為十二生肖吉祥圖像的標題。色彩計畫以五行色作為參考，最後在幾何線條構成之中，如拼布般加入富有台灣特色的花布圖案，使傳統和現代、簡約與繁複並置融合，也使畫面更具年節氣氛，並應用此系列圖像於年節節慶相關的平面與設計產品。希望本研究能提供一種傳統元素的轉化過程和方式，給予設計工作者在傳統造形簡化及年節節慶相關題材設計上的參考。

關鍵字

十二生肖 ； 傳統圖形 ； 幾何構成

並列摘要

While traditional Chinese figures serve as a commonly used component in art design, Zodiac is likewise regarded as an important cultural element for the Chinese people. Considering that this element and design have been widely used throughout history, the present applied research aims to re-present the traditional zodiac characters by infusing the philosophy of simplicity from western art into its recreation. On the one hand, the researcher collected the Chinese zodiac figures from various folk art sources, including paper cutting, portrait seals, portrait-painting stones, portrait-painting bricks, bronze mirrors, and eaves tiles. These animal art works were then analyzed closely, their key features being observed and identified. On the other hand, I reviewed the literatures in modernist, geometric design that spans from Art Nouveau to Modernism. Several animal-related case studies have also provided some insights in the design process. Next, in order to infuse the spirit of western geometric design into these traditional animal representations, I employed the form of an arc to simplify their shapes so that they look neat and powerful without losing its traditional appeal. Along with the graphics, I’ve also created descriptive idioms that are able to playfully re-signify the meaning of the animals through puns or metaphors. In terms of color design, the five-element color theory has been made reference to; the traditional Taiwanese flower fabric is incorporated into the geometric forms so that the artwork appears both traditional and modern, as well as simple yet elaborative. Last but not least, since this composition as a whole invokes Chinese festive moods, the design can be applied to many festival-related products. It is hoped that the present study has set up a unique example in how to simplify and transform traditional art elements in festival-related art design.

並列關鍵字

Chinese Zodiac ； traditional figures ； Geometrically composing

參考文獻

Johannes Itten著，蔡毓芬譯（2001）。格式與造形原理。台北：地景企業股份有限公司。

Johannes Itten著，蔡毓芬譯。造形分析（2001）。台北：地景企業股份有限公司。

胡甜甜（2009）。兩岸四地生肖郵票圖像表現發展比較。未出版碩士，臺中技術學院商業設計系碩士班，台中市。

李德斌（2001）。來楚生篆刻藝術研究。國立臺灣師範大學美術研究所，台北市。

涂以仁（2005）。肖形印元素應用於設計創作研究--以十二生肖圖文創作為例。國立臺灣師範大學美術學系在職進修碩士班，台北市。