提升太陽能光電系統效率之研究

A study in the efficiency enhancement of solar photovoltaic systems

陳文彥(chen wen yen)

指導教授 ： 劉傳璽

國立臺灣師範大學/科技學院/機電科技研究所/碩士(2011年)

摘要

近年來能源問題逐漸受到各國的重視，而目前的太陽能發電效率普遍都不高，所以如何增加太陽能發電效率是值得研究的。本文之研究重點在提升太陽能電池發電量的方法、太陽能陣列最佳安裝之位置，以及環境溫度、日照量對太陽能板發電量有何影響，並探討水冷式清洗機構提升太陽能電池之發電量。其次研究模擬太陽能電池特性曲線的最佳化，將太陽能電池等效電路的開路電壓(VOC)和短路電流(ISC)以數學式表示，再以MATLAB軟體模擬出I-V及P-V特性曲線，並設定不同溫度和照度兩種參數，從中可以找出最佳的數據，使太陽能電池發揮出最大效益。
由於開路電壓(VOC)會隨著溫度增高而降低，短路電流(ISC)也會隨著日照強度增強而有所變化，以致於最大功率點會隨著環境改變而有所變化，所以我們可以利用改變輸出端的負載阻抗使其系統在任何天氣條件下都能達到最大功率點。

關鍵字

開路電壓 ； 短路電流 ； 負載阻抗

並列摘要

In recent years, researchers from various countries have gradually paid attention to energy related issues. For example, how to increase the efficiency of solar energy generation is an important topic because the efficiency at present is not high in general. The purpose of this study is to examine the method in promoting the power rate of solar cells, the optimal installation position of the solar system, the effect of ambient temperature and sunlight quantity on the power rate of solar system, and the power rate of the solar cell array promoted by water-cooled clean system. The study also aims to examine the I-V (current-voltage) characteristics of solar cells through simulation in an attempt to optimize the open circuit voltage (VOC) and short-circuit current (ISC) of equivalent circuits of solar cells, which are modeled mathematically by using MATLAB to simulate the I-V and P-V characteristic curves. In the simulation, temperatures and illuminations were used as the parameters.
Due to the fact that the open circuit voltage (VOC) increases as the temperature decreases, and that the short-circuit current (ISC) varies with the intensity of sunlight, the maximum power point also varies with the change in the environment. As a result, in this study we have proposed to adjust the output load impedance for the system to achieve the maximum power point according to the weather condition.

並列關鍵字

open-circuit voltage ； short-circuit current ； load impedance

參考文獻

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