- 學位論文
預期特質焦慮與性別差異對英語公開演說情境焦慮所造成的作用—以台灣一所國中為例
Public Speaking State Anxiety as a Function of Anticipatory Trait Anxiety and Gender Difference — A Case Study in a Junior High School in Taiwan
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摘要
本研究觀察在英語為外語的環境裡，特質焦慮高低及性別差異，對於英語公開演說裡不同階段的情境焦慮影響作用為何。研究對象為66位在台灣北部某一國中裡，參與一場英語演講比賽的國中生。比賽前後他們分別先填完了由情境-特質焦慮良表(STAI)改編的A-Trait及A- State量表。本研究分別觀察了演說三個不同階段的特質焦慮變化：(1) anticipation階段 (賽前一分鐘)，(2) confrontation階段 (比賽開始後第一分鐘)，和(3) release 階段 (比賽結束後一分鐘)。本實驗結果摘要如下：第一，無論高低特質焦慮組，都呈現sensitization圖形。也就是說他們的特質焦慮在anticipation階段較低，confrontation階段升到最高，最後在release階段下降。第二，男女焦慮組呈現相同的sensitization圖形。另外，雖然在統計上的差別並不顯著，但女生的每一階段的特質焦慮幅度皆高於男生。第三，整體學生在三個階段的特質焦慮平均數分布情形也呈現 sensitization圖形。 這些發現顯示，這個比賽的事前準備過程，可能有助於降低學生的焦慮。另一方面，此演說活動對於學生來說，仍是一個強烈的刺激，造成相當壓力。未來的研究應繼續研究有效的各種外語教學方法，以利幫助學生降低口說英語焦慮。
並列摘要
This study examined the functions of different levels of trait anxiety and gender difference on the distributions of the state anxiety during different stages of a public speech in a foreign language environment. The subjects were the 66 participants who joined in a public speech contest in a junior high school in the northern Taiwan. Before the contest, they filled out the A-Trait scale adapted from the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and then immediately after the contest, they completed the A-State scale adapted from the STAI. The fluctuations of the state anxiety were observed during three different stages of the public speech: (1) the anticipation stage (one minute before the speech), (2) the confrontation stage (the first minute of the speech), and (3) the release stage (one minute after the speech). The following are the summary of the results. First, both high- and low-trait anxious groups showed the sensitization pattern. That is, their anxiety was relatively lower at the anticipation stage, climaxed at the confrontation stage, and then descended at the release stage. Second, both the two gender groups revealed the same sensitization pattern. Furthermore, females were found to have higher levels of state anxiety at all stages than males even though there was no significance between gender difference. Third, the overall means of all the participants' state anxiety narrow-banded for the three stages also exhibited the sensitization pattern. The findings suggest that the preparation process before the English speech contest may help the students lower their anxiety. On the other hand, the English speech contest in this study seems to be a strong stimulus for the speakers. Future researchers are recommended to conduct more studies on the effects of different pedagogical strategies in a foreign language environment to facilitate students’ anxiety reduction.
參考文獻
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