國民中學藝術與人文學習領域教科書歌仔戲教材之內容分析研究

A Study on the Content Analysis of Taiwanese Opera (Ko Tzu Hsi) as Teaching Material in the Junior High School Arts and Humanities Textbooks

劉嫻芳(Hsien-Fang Liu)

指導教授 ： 吳舜文

國立臺灣師範大學/藝術學院/音樂學系在職進修碩士班/碩士(2012年)

摘要

本研究旨在分析國民中學藝術與人文學習領域教科書之歌仔戲教材內容，以99學年度育成版、南一版、康軒版、翰林版之教科書及教師手冊為研究對象，每個版本12冊，共計48冊。研究者以文獻探討為基礎自編「國民中學藝術與人文學習領域教科書歌仔戲教材內容分析類目表」為研究工具，透過內容分析法，以達本研究之研究目的。所得具體結論如下：

壹、歌仔戲教材於教科書之內容比例相當低，多出現在表演藝術；課文多以正文與圖片/圖說形式出現，而附錄之教材極少。內容編排以欣賞為主，出現比例近九成，其他如演唱、音樂基礎、演奏、創作等則極少。史料之歷史是各版本最重視的教材，次為音樂之唱腔，餘9項表演元素出現比例均極少。
貳、歌仔戲教材於教師手冊之課程編排之教學節數不高，多安排於表演藝術。教學資源以史料最為豐富，歷史的補充資料最多，其次依序為人物、劇團、劇目等，其餘則比例均極少
參、歌仔戲教材於各版本教科書之內容分析結果，共同處為教材內容均極少，多以表演藝術、欣賞及歷史介紹為主。而育成版以文字介紹最多，且有直笛吹奏教材；南一版比例最高且較重視音樂，並有音樂基礎教材；康軒版只將教材置於表演藝術，表演元素呈現較不均衡；翰林版教材比例最低，但表演元素出現較為均衡。
肆、歌仔戲教材於各版本教師手冊之內容分析結果，共同處為教學節數均不多。而育成版在教學說明與活動中，比例明顯偏低，但最重視教學資源的補充，劇目資料最多；南一版教學節數及課程編排比例最高，歷史資料最多；康軒版教學節數出現最少，但教學活動說明最詳細，人物資料最多；翰林版課程編排比例最低，但教學資源較為均衡。

研究者並依據研究之結論提出相關建議，以供教科書編輯者、教學者以及後續研究之參考。

關鍵字

藝術與人文學習領域 ； 教科書 ； 歌仔戲 ； 內容分析

並列摘要

The study aimed to analyze Taiwanese opera as teaching material in the Arts and Humanities textbooks for junior high school level by taking Uchen, Nani, Kanghsuan and Hanlin versions as examples. The students’ textbooks and teachers’ manuals were selected as subjects, which were permitted to publish by the government, with 12 volumes each version and 48 volumes in total. After classifying relevant literatures, the researcher developed and employed the “Analysis Category of Textbook Contents of Taiwanese Opera in Arts and Humanities of the Junior High School” to collect datas in order to achieve the research purposes. The conclusions were stated as the followings:

1. The proportion of Taiwanese opera content is quite low in the textbooks. Most of them are in the part of performing arts and presented in the form of text and picture/description. Moreover, there are few textbooks mentioned in the appendix. The content arrangement is mainly based on appreciation which accounts for nearly 90%. There are few contents like singing, elementary music, performance and creation. In addition, historical materials are the most valued teaching materials in all editions of textbooks, followed by musical tune pattern. The rest nine performing elements appear little.
2. The number of classes related to teaching materials of Taiwanese opera are not many in the teachers’ guideline of the curriculum construction, most of which are scheduled in the performing arts. However, teaching materials related to historical materials are the richest, in which the supplementary materials of history account for the most, followed by characters, troupe and repertoire. The proportions of the rest are all little.
3. According to the analysis results of teaching materials of Taiwanese opera in all textbook editions, the common point is their teaching materials are little, most of which are performing arts, appreciation and history introduction. Uchen accounts for the most in the proportion of introduction of characters, including teaching contents of recorder playing. Nani accounts for the highest in the proportion of music, including elementary music materials. Kang Hsuan only arranges teaching materials in the performing arts and its performing elements are unbalanced. Han Lin accounts for the lowest proportion in the teaching materials but its performing elements are average.
4. According to the analysis results of the teachers’ guideline of Taiwanese opera in all textbook editions, the common point is their number of classes is not many. Uchen accounts for the lower proportion of teaching instruction and activities but focuses on the supplementation of teaching resources and accounts for the most in repertoire. Nani accounts for the highest in the proportion of the number of classes and curriculum construction and its history data accounts for the most. Kang Hsuan accounts for the lowest in the proportion of the number of classes but its teaching activities are the most detailed and character information are the most. Han Lin accounts for the lowest in the proportion of curriculum construction but its teaching resources are average.

The researcher proposed relative suggestions based on the research results for the reference to textbook editors, teachers and future researchers.

並列關鍵字

Arts and Humanities Learning Area ； textbook ； Taiwanese opera ； content analysis

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