台灣美術館油畫修復管理機制建置

Oil painting Restoration Management Setting Mechanism System In Taiwan Art Museum

董盈穎

指導教授 ： 楊樹煌

國立臺灣師範大學/藝術學院/美術學系/博士(2012年)

摘要

我國現有的文化資產保存法中，有關文物修復的法條幾乎闕如；國家博物館法討論多年，遲遲無法產生；再加上我國並沒有像國外針對文物修復訂有修復倫理及工作守則，現行體制下台灣三大美術館油畫修復又是以委外為主，畫作修復時必須離館，送至私人修復室或運至海外私人工作坊內修復，修復期間畫作的監督管理隱憂重重，但目前卻沒有任何法律可加以規範與約束。
台灣三大美術館都沒有修復部門，現狀下均只能由典藏組人員兼任油畫修復行政工作，由於專業不同，要以典藏專業對修復專業，在溝通與管理上已屬不易，更難對修復品質有進一步的要求，修復過程可能已經受到沒人能察覺的損失；在修復過程的紀錄上，已經遺漏許多珍貴的資料。
較具制度化國家對文物修復大多已有一套修復倫理與守則，此規範雖不具備法律效力，但早為全球各國的修復組織與會員爭相追隨。本論文採用管理學的標竿理論（Benchmarking），參採各國修復人員奉為圭臬的修復倫理與守則來作為典範，從一個管理油畫修復的把門人為出發點，由上述典範中，分為人、事、物三項，以國際標準建立台灣油畫修復標準流程，利用全面品質管理（Total Quality Management,TQM）的表格及檢視表單管理方式，找出正確修復流程，做成淺顯易懂的修復管理的檢視（check list）表單，尋求填充台灣油畫修復管理不足之處。
一方面有利於行政人員監督管理油畫修復工作時有所準據，另一方面也可激勵修復人員在修復過程中更加嚴謹，不會遺漏需要的修復程序與必須紀錄的資訊，未來能交給美術館較完整的修復紀錄報告書，從而提高我國文物修復的品質與水準，成為制定我國文物修復管理機制建置的參考。

關鍵字

油畫修復 ； 修復倫理 ； HASH(0x2b054430) ； 管理機制 ； 委外修復 ； 檢視表單

並列摘要

Among the national Cultural Heritage Preservation Act currently in force in the
Republic of China (Taiwan), there are hardly any items related to artwork restoration,
though the National Museum Law has been discussed for many years. Lack of laws and
guidelines as the restoration code of ethics similar to those in the advanced countries,
and outsourcing restoration jobs make it problematic in monitoring artworks while in
restoration. The restoration of oil paintings in Taiwan’s three main Art Museums, is
mainly outsourcing. That is, most of the restoration jobs for oil painting artwork were
outsourced to private studios and abroad. Thus makes it extremely difficult in
supervising the restoration process. Unfortunately, there are no laws regulating current
practice.
At present none of Taiwan’s three major At Museums has a conservation department, so
that oil painting restoration jobs, the administration work have to be taken by archive
keeping personnel. Due to the difference between the expertise of archive keepers and
conservator-restorer, there are gaps in management as well as quality control in
restoration jobs. Some indiscernible damages many occur and precious data may lose
during the process.
Countries with a better system in restoration of artwork usually have established code of
ethices and guidance for practice, though not as binding as laws, to be followed by
conservator-restorer.
As a guardian of oil painting restoration, and in a hope to establish Taiwan’s Standard of
Procedure (SOP) for oil painting restoration, this article tries to take the code of ethics
and guidelines which have been practiced worldwide, as Taiwan’s benchmark to outline
the standards in three categories of “Who, What, and How” in the profession of
conservator-restorer.
In order to seek correct restoration procedure, this article suggests to use the Total
Quality Management (TQM) Form, management charts, and checklist as the ways and
means to set up restoration framework. Setting up the SOP of restoration profession may
provide the guideline for the administrators supervising restoration process, and
encourage conservator-restorer to become more professional in their work.
With restoration process and details correctly recorded, the restoration report sent to the
Museum curator becomes wholesome, and professional. In the long run, it will lift the
quality and standard in Taiwan’s art restoration. It may also serve as reference for the
future legislature of culture heritage law.

並列關鍵字

Oil painting Restoration ； Code of Ethics ； Management Mechanism ； Outsourcing ； Checklist

參考文獻

林會承（2011）《臺灣文化資產保存史綱》，台北：遠流。

秦裕傑（1998）〈博物館從業倫理與組織運作〉《博物館學季刊》，11（2）：35-42。

徐文琴（2000）〈美術館組織編制之研究〉《博物館學季刊》，國立自然科學博物館，第十四卷、第三期。

國立文化資產保存研究中心籌備處（2004）《紙質文物保存修護研習-檢視登錄

及拍照》，台南：國立文化資產保存研究中心籌備處。