渾沌迷宮的意象: 波赫士的偵探故事的寫作策略

Chaotic Labyrinths: Jorge Luis Borges' Metaphysical Detections

林佳慧(Christine Chia-hui Lin)

指導教授 ： 史文生 ； 傅杰思 ； 戴維揚

國立臺灣師範大學/文學院/英語學系/碩士(1999年)

摘要

摘 要
波赫士的形而上偵探文本旨在顛覆強調神秘本身有單一解答的古典推理故事。古典偵探故事以理性且秩序的世界和意義明確的直線式敘述架構的古典觀點為前提。但是, 這位後現代作家的文本是「渾沌」的: 開放結局的型態和迷宮意象。在迷宮裡, 偵探讀者追查由線索、足跡、痕跡所構成的多重城市, 但他的追查並無法導向單一的結局或答案。正如形而上偵探故事本身無一個結論性的詮釋。讀者游離於這些迷宮般、自我指射的文本: 他迷失在經過不斷地重複或相互反射或分歧出無數叉路的線索迷宮中。這些結果或許是波赫士所想要的: 去娛悅深陷在一座故事內容與哲學論述交互遊戲的迷宮般文本的偵探讀者; 去迷眩和迷惑讀者; 去打開他們的心智以接受最嚴苛的質疑形式。但這些文本如果能批判並顛覆強調理性、線性和(敘述--宇宙的)秩序的傳統觀念, 它們就可以藉由重複地零亂性、非線性及渾沌的模式來創造新奇、使人神魂顛倒的新秩序型態。

關鍵字

形而上偵探故事 ； 古典偵探故事 ； 渾沌理論 (渾沌的概念) ； 互涉文本 ； 自我指射 ； 叉路, 迷宮 . . . . . ； 意義含糊, 矛盾的情感, 渾沌, 不確定性, 異質性, 多樣性 . . . . . ； 偵探讀者

並列摘要

Abstract
Borges' metaphysical detective texts subvert the classical tales of ratiocination with their single "solution" to the mystery. The latter presuppose the classical view of a rationally ordered universe and linear narrative structures with univocal meanings. But this postmodernist’s texts are "chaotic": open-ended patterns, mazes, labyrinths in which the multiple-city of clues, tracks, traces to be followed by the detective-reader lead to no single end or answer, just as the story itself is no one conclusive interpretation. The reader wandering in these self-referential labyrinthine texts, the mazes of clues which repeat or reflect one another or bifurcate into an indeterminate number of "forking paths," could be then dislocated. These results might be what Borges wants: to amuse his detective-readers within his narrative maze that interplays narrative and philosophical discourses, to disorient and fascinate them, open up their minds to the most radical forms of questioning. But if these texts critique and undermine traditional notions of rationality, linearity and (narrative-cosmic) order, they regenerate fascinating new forms of order out of the recursive patterns of randomness, non-linearity and chaos.

並列關鍵字

the metaphysical detective story. ； the classical detective story. ； chaos theory (or the notion of chaos). ； intertextuality. ； self-referentiality. ； bifurcations, forking paths, labyrinths, mazes . . . . ； ambiguity, ambivalence, chaos, disorder, indeterminacy, heterogeneity, multiplicity . . . . ； the detective readers.

參考文獻

Rodriguez-Monegal & Alastair Reid, eds. Borges: A Reader. NY:

Stevenson, Frank W. Poe’s Aulos: Voice, Echo and Logic and

Works Cited

Abrams, M. H. The Mirror and the Lamp: the Romantic Theory

Abrams, M. H. and others, eds. The Norton Anthology of English