夫妻依附風格、衝突因應策略與婚姻滿意度之相關研究

Attachment Styles, Conflict-Coping Strategies and Marital Satisfaction in Married Couples

林佳玲(Chia-Ling Lin)

指導教授 ： 林家興

國立臺灣師範大學/教育學院/教育心理與輔導學系/碩士(1999年)

摘要

中 文 摘 要
本研究旨在探討夫妻依附風格、衝突因應策略與婚姻滿意度之間的關係。以台灣北部地區（新竹以北）十所小學的學生家長共299對夫妻為研究對象。本研究採問卷調查法進行資料收集，所使用的工具包括「親密關係體驗量表」、「婚姻因應量表」與「婚姻滿意量表」。調查所得的資料分別以列聯相關、單因子多變項變異數分析、單因子變異數分析、典型相關分析等統計方法進行處理。本研究主要發現如下：
一、夫妻依附風格現況與配對情形
國內夫妻依附風格以安全依附型較多，約佔32.3%，其次為焦慮依附型，佔29.4%。丈夫依附風格與妻子依附風格之間有列聯相關存在，亦即安全依附型傾向與安全依附型配對，焦慮依附型也傾向與焦慮依附型配對，害怕依附型與放棄依附型亦傾向與不安全依附型配對。而夫妻依附風格配對情形，以雙方皆是安全依附型的配對較多，佔17.4%。
二、夫妻在衝突因應策略與婚姻滿意度的差異情形
在衝突因應策略方面，丈夫與妻子在衝突因應策略上有顯著差異。其中差異主要來自「爭執」、「自我責備」、「正向回應」、「自我興趣」與「尋求社會支持」，亦即丈夫比妻子更常採取「正向回應」與「自我興趣」因應婚姻衝突，而妻子則比丈夫更常採取「爭執」、「自我責備」與「尋求社會支持」策略。
在婚姻滿意度方面，丈夫與妻子在婚姻滿意度上有顯著差異。其中差異主要來自「心理面滿意」，亦即丈夫在「心理面」的婚姻滿意度高於妻子。
三、不同依附風格夫妻在衝突因應策略與婚姻滿意度的差異情形
在衝突因應策略方面，不同依附風格丈夫與妻子在衝突因應策略上均有顯著差異。其中差異主要均來自「爭執」、「自我責備」、「正向回應」、「逃避」，而不同依附風格丈夫在「自我興趣」、「尋求社會支持」亦有顯著差異。
在婚姻滿意度方面，不同依附風格丈夫與妻子在婚姻滿意度均有顯著差異。其中差異主要均來自「生理面滿意」、「經濟面滿意」、「心理面滿意」、「社會面滿意」與「哲學面滿意」。
四、不同依附風格配對夫妻在衝突因應策略與婚姻滿意度的差異情形
在衝突因應策略方面，不同依附風格配對之丈夫與妻子在衝突因應策略上均有顯著差異。其中差異主要均來自「爭執」、「自我責備」、「正向回應」與「逃避」。
在婚姻滿意度方面，不同依附風格配對之丈夫與妻子在婚姻滿意度上均有顯著差異。其中差異主要均來自「生理面滿意」、「經濟面滿意」、「心理面滿意」、「社會面滿意」與「哲學面滿意」。
五、夫妻衝突因應策略與婚姻滿意度的關係
(一) 丈夫衝突因應策略與婚姻滿意度兩組變項之間有三組顯著的關係組型。三組關係組型分別為：
1.愈少採取「爭執」、「自我責備」、「逃避」策略越多，「正向回應」
策略，其「生理面」、「經濟面」、「社會面」、「心理面」與「哲學
面」婚姻滿意度會愈低。
2.愈常採取「爭執」、「自我責備」、「正向回應」、「尋求社會支持」
策略，其「社會面」婚姻滿意度會愈低。
3.愈常採取「爭執」、「尋求社會支持」策略，愈少採取「逃避」策略，
其「生理面婚姻滿意度會愈低。
(二)妻子衝突因應策略與婚姻滿意度兩組變項之間有兩組顯著的關係組型。兩組關係組型分別為：
1.愈常採取「爭執」、「自我責備」、「逃避」策略，愈少採取「正向回
應」策略，其「生理面」、「經濟面」、「社會面」、「心理面」與
「哲學面」婚姻滿意度會愈低。
2.愈常採取「爭執」、「自我責備」、「正向回應」策略，其「經濟
面」、「社會面」婚姻滿意度會愈低。
最後，研究者依據本研究結果加以討論，並提出具體建議，以應用在婚姻諮商與兩性教育方面，並作為未來研究之參考。

關鍵字

依附風格 ； 衝突因應策略 ； 婚姻滿意度 ； 夫妻 ； 內在運作模式

並列摘要

Attachment Styles, Conflict-Coping Strategies and Marital
Satisfaction in Married Couples
Chia-Ling Lin
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships among spouses' attachment styles, conflict-coping strategies, and marital satisfaction. The sample was composed of 299 married couples living in the northern parts of Taiwan and having primary school-age children. Instruments used in this study were ”Experiences in Close Relationship Inventory”, “The Marital Coping Inventory”, and “Marital Satisfaction Inventory”. Data obtained were analyzed by contingency coefficient, One-way MANOVA, ANOVA and Canonical correlation. The major findings were as follows:
1. The relationship between spouse’s attachment styles
The result of contingency coefficient analysis revealed that husbands’ attachment style was significantly associated with wives’ attachment style. Secure participants tended to pair with secure partners and vice versa . The same was applicable to the preoccupied, fearful, as well as dismissing attachments. Among all types of pairing, the pairs of secure husbands and secure wives were most common, claiming a leading percentage of 17.4%.
2. Differences between husbands and wives regarding their
conflict-coping strategy and marital satisfaction
Data analysis indicated significant sex differences for conflict-coping strategy. The differences were evident in forms of conflict, introspective self-blame, positive approach, self-interest and seeking social support. Simply put, husbands reported greater use of positive approach and self-interest than did wives. Moreover, wives reported greater use of conflict, introspective self-blame, and seeking social support than did husbands.
As for marital satisfaction, husbands tended to be more satisfied than their wives for psychological aspects of marriage.
3. Difference among attachment styles regarding the conflict-
coping strategies and marital satisfaction
Results of the one-way MANOVA revealed that husbands and wives with different attachment styles were significantly different on conflict-coping strategies. Major differences lied in conflict, introspective self-blame, positive approach and avoidance. And there were differences on self-interest and seeking social support by husband with different attachment styles.
Results of the one-way MANOVA revealed that husbands and wives with different attachment styles were significantly different on marital satisfaction. Primary variations were of physical, economic, psychological, social, and philosophical aspects of marriage.
4. Differences among attachment styles pairing couples on the
conflict-coping strategies and marital satisfaction
Results of the one-way MANOVA revealed that husbands and wives paired with different attachment styles were significantly different on conflict-coping strategies. Major differences range from conflict, introspective self-blame, positive approach and avoidance.
Results of the one-way MANOVA revealed that husbands and wives paired with different attachment styles were significantly different on marital satisfaction. Primary variations were of physical, economic, psychological, social, and philosophical aspects of marriage.
5. The Relationships between conflict-coping strategy and
marital satisfaction
There are three canonical roots for husbands:
a. Husbands using more conflict, introspective self-blame and
avoidance, less positive approach, enjoy less satisfaction
in their physical, economic, social, psychological, and
philosophical aspects of marriage.
b. Husbands using more conflict, introspective self-blame,
positive approach, and seeking social support enjoy less
satisfaction in their social aspects of marriage.
c. Husbands involving themselves more in conflicts and social
supports and less in avoidance tend to get less physical satisfaction with their spouses.
There are two canonical roots for wives:
a. Wives using more conflict, introspective self-blame and
avoidance, less positive approach, enjoy less satisfaction
in their physical, economic, social, psychological,and
philosophical aspects of marriage.
b. Wives using methods like conflict, introspective self-blame,
and positive approach enjoy less satisfaction in both
economic and social aspects of the marriages.
Lastly, based on the above results, relevant implications were discussed and suggestions for the counseling services as well as future research were presented.

並列關鍵字

attachment style ； conflict-coping strategy ； marital satisfaction ； couple ； internal working model

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