臺灣省參議會受理人民請願案之研究

Taiwan Petition Right Development - A Study through Cases in Taiwan Provincial Assembly Files

吳玉鳳(Yu-Feng Wu)

指導教授 ： 陳延輝

國立臺灣師範大學/教育學院/政治學研究所/碩士(2004年)

摘要

臺灣省參議會自1946年5月1日開議成立，至1951年12月11日由臺灣省臨時省議會接續止，其間五年七個月又十天，例行性開了十一次大會，每半年集會一次，各次大會六到十五天，議程相當制式化，在報告事項後進行討論事項，包括省政府交議，省參議員提案及人民請願事項。根據省參議會祕書處編印歷次大會特輯，十一次大會議決人民請願案合計277件，皆轉請省署行政機關「切實辦理」。

特別的是省參議會努力於保障人民生活，爭取人權自由，透過議會民主架構，以大會決議授權方式，設置駐會委員會，選舉五至七名省參議員，於休會期間持續兩週一會，聽取省政報告及處理人民請願案件。本文運用臺灣省諮議會現存省參議會時期檔案史料典藏數位系統，發現其處理人民請願案有1,272件，連同處分不成立194件，和前述大會議決277件，總計臺灣省參議會受理人民請願案有1,743件，依其職權轉請行政機關處理。彙整處理結果，以第八次大會會期為例，其中44.51％同意「准予辦理」，有21.95％尚待「研究辦理」，而「依法辦理」者有19.51％，「礙難辦理」者有14.03％。換句話說，有三分之二的人民請願案在省參議會協調監督下，獲得適當處置。

此在戰後臺灣歷經政權轉換，二二八社會事件，國民政府播遷，全面動員戡亂和實施戒嚴的威權統治下，透過議會窗口處理人民請願，個案解決存在社會的苦情暗流，讓訓政過渡為憲政，表現權、能分工，塑造民主形象，為人權立國留下了珍貴的歷史見證。

關鍵字

臺灣省參議會 ； 駐會委員會 ； 人權 ； 請願 ； 陳情 ； 訴願 ； 自力救濟 ； 社會運動

並列摘要

In a period of five year, seven month, and ten days begins in May 1, 1946, the Taiwan Provincial Assembly and its successor Taiwan Provincial Interim Assembly regularly held 11 semiannual meetings to review Taiwan Provincial Government work, to discuss the Province senator proposals, and to investigate on petition requests from public in Taiwan Province. According to the archive record published by the Secretary of Taiwan Provincial Assembly, a total of 277 petition cases was discuss, concluded and turned to the province administrative office to carry out the orders from Assembly.

Taiwan Provincial Assembly tried hard in indemnifying people life and to protect human right of liberty. Under the framework of parliamentary democracy, the Assembly set up a committee with five to seven committee members to continuously take pubic petition request when regular Taiwan Provincial Assembly session were off. In this study, digitized archive of the Assembly history record is used to draw a picture of the development on Taiwanese People Petition Right. There are total of 1,743 petition cases, with 1,272 accepted, 194 dismissed, 277 were ruled favor to plaintiff. For example, in the eighth semiannual meeting of Taiwan Provincial Assembly, record shows that 44.51% of cases were accepted and ruled favor to plaintiff, 21.95% were taken into further investigation, 19.51% can carried out legally, and obstruct difficult transact cases were about 14.03%. In another words, about two third of all petition requests were successfully resolved or processed under supervision of Assembly.

It has been a long way for Taiwan to learn the value of petition right. Recent history shows that Taiwan people experienced the transition of political power after World War II, the 228 society’s incident, ROC government relocation from Mainland China to Taiwan, temporary provisions effective during the period of Communist rebellion and strict authority govern. Aiming at stabilizing society, Taiwan Provincial Assembly senses the importance of giving people a way to petition. The development of the petition, democracy, and constitution in Taiwan is such a valuable history testimony, especially when society was under pain and strictly control.

並列關鍵字

Taiwan Provincial Assembly ； Assembly Committee ； Human Right ； Petition ； Self-reliant Protest ； Street Protest ； Social Work

參考文獻

紀俊臣（2001），《臺灣地方自治人物誌》省議員篇，臺中：臺灣省諮議會。

林紀東（1974）《中華民國憲法逐條釋義》第一冊，臺北：三民書局。

洪大安（2004），《孫中山先生之人權思想及其在我國憲法之實域》，臺北：國立臺灣師範大學政治學研究所博文論文。

紀俊臣（2003），〈自治條例與自治規則在地方立法權行使之機制設計〉，《第一屆臺灣地方政治變遷國際學術研討會論文集》，臺北：國立臺灣師範大會政治學研究所，頁309-336。

Adams, G. A. (1921), Constitutional History of England.