成人參與學校志願服務學習歷程之研究

The Research on Adults Participating and Learning in Volunteers' Work at School

彭敏松(Peng Ming-sung)

指導教授 ： 林振春博士

國立臺灣師範大學/教育學院/社會教育學系/博士(2005年)

摘要

本研究旨在瞭解家長志工參與學校志願服務過程中，所經歷的點滴及因服務而觸發個人內在或外在帶來的反思、批判、行動，及其改變等學習歷程。本研究的研究目的如下：
一、瞭解成人參與學校志願服務的動機與參與態度。
二、探討成人參與學校志願服務與學校效能的關係。
三、分析成人參與學校志願服務學習的障礙及其反思。
四、比較個案志工參與學校服務學習的模式。
五、根據研究結果，提出推展家長參與學校服務學習的相關建議。

為達上述目的，本研究採用質性研究方法，針對五位家長服務志工，經過深度訪談、逐字稿整理分析，得到以下結論：
一、家長志願服務動機單純，無不當期待。志願服務能持續首重安家，家人的支持及人際情誼鼓舞愛心光輝延伸。
二、學校志願服務雖然少專業性工作，但仍屬無償付出，學校應提供互惠的資源，透過學習的機制，提升服務品質，並達成終身學習目標。
三、家長志願服務有助於學校教育效能提升，學校應主動排除困難，提供適當參與服務的管道與學習機會，以提升志工素質與學校教育效能。
四、個案志工共同的特質是反思自省、積極樂觀，在服務中同步成長。鼓舞社區型永遠志工，發展學校為愛心的基地，營造良善社會風氣。
五、借鏡Jarvis的成人經驗學習模式，志願服務轉換服務學習並提升學習成效的關鍵因素為推理、反思、實務實驗與評鑑。

由結論提出以下建議：
一、對社區民眾生涯發展的建議：鼓勵民眾踴躍參與志願服務，並積極轉化服務學習，以增進生涯成長與發展。
二、對服務學習辦理單位的建議：積極宣導服務學習信念，掌握時空契機，轉型發展社區學習中心。
三、對政府機關行政部門的建議：整合資源，建構社區全方位服務學習的支持體系與措施。
四、對後續研究進一步的建議：透過不同取向與實務行動研究，對服務學習的行政管理與家長志工的生涯發展做更深入的探討。

關鍵字

志願服務 ； 服務學習 ； 經驗學習 ； 學習歷程

並列摘要

The Research on Adults Participating and Learning
in Volunteers’ Work at School

Peng Ming-sung

Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to understand the series of actions or operations which parents act as voluntary workers involved in school. In the pursuits of personal participating, voluntary workers significantly improve themselves as well as school and through their efforts they get the sense of identity and find their fulfillment in the life. There are five aims to the study:
1. To understand the motivation and the attitude of voluntary workers’ participating.
2. To understand the relation between volunteers’ service and educational efficiency.
3. To analyze the obstacles which voluntary workers may face in the process of performing their tasks and make some reflections.
4. To compare the alternative mode of volunteers’ learning during the process of participating.
5. Based on the results of this research, to make some suggestions about parents’ learning as voluntary workers.

The methodology used is qualitative research--participant observation and in-depth interviewing with five school volunteers. These conclusions are summarized as follows:
1. Charity, family’s support and interpersonal relations are indispensable elements to enhance volunteers’ involvement.
2. By way of learning mechanism, drive school volunteers to learn more and become a lifelong learner.
3. School volunteers significantly influence the school and raise educational efficiency.
4. The traits of school volunteers are reflection, optimism and self-fulfillment in service.
5. With Jarvis’ mode of adult experiential learning, raise the efficiency of volunteers’ service-learning.

Based on the conclusion mentioned above, the suggestions are as follows:
1. Community people should take part in schools’ activities enthusiastically. These activities will create their quality learning and help them to reach the self-development in their career.
2. The serving organizations should positively consider the structure and operation of volunteers’ groups and let voluntary workers share their mutual bonds of advocacy and outreach for the school to be the community learning center.
3. The government should exert their authority over integrating all supporting facilities to promote volunteers’ serving. It will let the school become the foundation backbones of community development.
4. It is suggested that further research may be focused on the administrative management and volunteers’ career developments from different aspects in Action Research.

Keywords: volunteers’ service, service-learning, experiential learning, learning process

並列關鍵字

Volunteer Service ； Service Learning ； Experiential Learning ； Learning Process

參考文獻

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溫健蠶（1999）。大學生的服務學習及學生發展之研究。公民訓育學報，8，371-408。

Jarvis,P.(ed)(2002).The theory and practice of teaching. London: Kogan Page.

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