小學體育教師角色知覺差距之研究

The study of the role perception discrepancy of the elementary physical education teacher

歐宗明

國立臺灣師範大學/運動與休閒學院/體育學系/碩士(1999年)

摘要

本研究之目的有三：(一)瞭解小學體育教師及其角色伙伴對體育教師角色內涵知覺優先順序。(二)分析不同個人背景之小學體育教師對其理想角色知覺和實際角色知覺之現況。(三)比較小學體育教師及其角色伙伴對體育教師理想角色知覺和實際角色知覺之差異。研究方法採用問卷調查之方式，受試對象共有小學教師和校長共781位。研究結果經綜合分析、討論後，得到以下結論：
一、小學體育教師及其角色伙伴對小學體育教師理想角色與實際角色內涵存有其一致性，但理想角色與實際角色排序並不一致。在理想角色方面排序以「教學與評量」、「課程發展」優先；實際角色方面則以「行政與管理」、「教學與評量」優先。
二、小學體育教師理想角知覺分數，顯著高於實際角色知覺分數，其角色知覺差距屬「中落差」程度。
三、小學體育教師理想角色與實際角色間，確有差異存在，但仍有相當程度之關聯性。其差距情形有「實際角色知覺『不足』、『等於』和『超過』理想角色知覺」等三種情形，其中以『不足』情形人數最多，約佔總人數95.2%。
四、小學體育教師角色知覺差距會受「性別」、「行政職務」、「擔任導師」、「兼任教練」、「教練年資」、「服務地區」和「學校規模」等背景因素影響。
五、小學體育教師在理想角色知覺與實際角色知覺上顯著低於其角色伙伴；且角色知覺差距則顯著高於其角色伙伴，顯示小學體育教師在角色知覺上，與角色伙伴有相當之落差存在。
最後依據研究結論提出建議，以供教育行政機關、師資培育機構、國民小學、體育教師及後續研究參考。

關鍵字：角色知覺差距、角色知覺、體育教師、教師角色、小學教師

並列摘要

The purposes of the study were to survey the precedence of role component perception of Elementary Physical Education Teachers (EPETs) and their role partners, to analyze the status of ideal and actual role perception discrepancy of EPETs with different background, and to compare the ideal and actual role perception discrepancy between EPETs and their role partners.
An “EPET Role Perception Questionnaire “ was derived from literature review and pilot study. The participants were sample of 781 elementary school teachers and principals. The data was statistically analyzed, and the results of this study were as follows:
1. There was consistency in the precedence of role component perception between EPETs and their role partners
2. The EPET's' ideal role perception was significant higher than actual role perception, and it was in the "medium discrepancy level".
3. There were significant difference and correlation between EPETs and their role partners. Three types of discrepancy between actual and ideal role perception were found: "deficit", "equal", and "surplus", and the "deficit" was the highest (95.2%).
4. Sex, administrative status, mentor, coach, coaching years, service area, and school size effected the EPETs' role perception discrepancy.
5. The EPETs' ideal and actual role perception were significant lower than their role partners’, and the EPETs' role perception discrepancy was significant higher than their role partners’. This indicated that there was discrepancy between the EPETs' role perception and their role partners’.
The findings of this study have implication for authority of education administration, institutes of teacher education, elementary schools, physical education teachers, and future related studies.

Key word: Role Perception Discrepancy, Role Perception,
Physical Education teacher, Teacher Role, Elementary Teacher

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