女子短距離選手無氧跑步能力之研究

Study on anaerobic running capacity of short-distance female

康風都

國立臺灣師範大學/運動與休閒學院/體育學系/碩士(1999年)

摘要

本研究目的在探討以不同短距離最佳跑步成績推算速度-時間非線性模式 (V-t) 、速度-時間倒數線性模式 (V-1/t)、距離-時間線性模式 (D-t)、三參數非線性模式(3P) 所得之無氧跑步能力(anaerobic running capacity，簡稱ARC) 與垂直跳測驗、短距離最大努力跑步測驗、Margaria-Kalamen動力測驗和Wingate 動力測驗結果的相關情形，以便確認跑步ARC的效度。
本研究以16名女子短距離跑步選手為受試對象，依平衡次序的方式，進行田徑場五個不同距離(50m、100m、200m、300m和400m)的最大跑步能力測驗，以求得各數學模式之ARC。之後再進行垂直跳測驗、Margaria-Kalamen動力測驗和Wingate 動力測驗。測驗結果先以單因子重覆量數變異數分析，考驗各種測量方法所測得之ARC差異，再以皮爾遜積差相關探討各種數學模式之跑步ARC與不同無氧運動能力測驗結果間的相關與差異情形。
各數學模式所推算出來的ARC皆達顯著差異水準，特別是3P非線性模式所推算的ARC較能代表全部無氧能量所能作功的距離。各數學模式ARC與各種無氧動力測驗之相關中，只發現兩非線性模式之ARC與各無氧動力測驗的相關達顯著水準，而以3P非線性模式之ARC與各無氧動力測驗相關較高(r=.810~.830)，為評估女子短距離選手無氧跑步能力之最佳數學模式。

關鍵字

短距離選手 ； 無氧跑步能力 ； 無氧動力測驗

並列摘要

The purposes of this study were to determine the anaerobic running capacity (ARC) and to study the correlation between ARC values and running performance. Sixteen female runners were tested on five short-distance runs with balanced order. The ARC data were obtained from the calculations using non-linear velocity-time model, linear model of velocity-1/time model, linear model of distance-time and non-linear model of three parameters. ARC data were analyzed by ANOVA with one-way repeated measures to study the significance of ARC values among different models. To further study the correlation between ARC values and anaerobic capacity tests, the measurements of vertical jump, Margaria-Kalamen test, and Wingate test on runners were also conducted. Pearson’s product-moment statistic model was employed to determine the correlation between the ARC values obtained from the mathematical model and anaerobic capacity. It was found that ARC values calculated from different models were significantly different. While, the ARC that determined by the 3P model was the best predictor of all the anaerobic running distance tests. Correlation between ARC and anaerobic capacity revealed significant correlation between two non-linear models and anaerobic capacity, and higher correlation was found between the ARC determined by the 3P model and anaerobic capacity(r=.810~.830). It is concluded that 3P non-linear model is the best model for evaluating ARC in female short-distance runners.

並列關鍵字

short-distance runner ； anaerobic running capacity ； anaerobic test

參考文獻

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