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  • 學位論文

探討台北地區市民農園環境教育功能的現況與未來發展之研究

指導教授 : 周儒
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摘要


「市民農園」是臺灣發展休閒農業下,參考德、日兩國經驗所誕生的農業型態之一。在都市中,它更是一種結合休閒、教育、生產等多功能的綠地利用型態。 本研究為了瞭解台北地區市民農園在環境教育功能上發展的現況,及探討利用「市民農園」推展環境教育的限制、困難與未來潛力、機會。故以立意抽樣的方式,選出台北市三家暨台北縣一家,共計四處市民農園為研究範圍,進行描述性的調查研究。其中,分別對市民農園的輔導者(農會)、經營者(園主)進行訪談,以及對145位的使用者(承租戶70位,遊客75位)作現場的問卷調查;此外,並訪問了自行利用農園實施環境教育活動的承租戶2個案,與蒐集國外類似發展之參考案例2個,以達成研究目的。 綜合上述的研究資料,得到以下的研究發現: 一、 在【市民農園的環境教育功能現況】方面 (一) 農園本身具備環境教育資源,並有多元的環境教育施行方式於農園中進行 (二) 園方活動項目具備部分的環境教育內涵,但在促進環境關懷上,尚未有強調 (三) 市民農園提供的租地種菜功能,也具有環境教育的功效,尤其在環境敏感度的增進上,最為顯著 (四) 承租戶的環境關懷度比遊客高 二、 在【環境教育未來在市民農園的發展性】方面 (一) 園區存在以活動方式來推展環境教育的機會,關鍵在園主對活動的新設計或提供學校、團體租地辦理活動的機會。 (二) 農會支持市民農園教育性活動的發展,但在人力、經費的限制下無法主辦相關活動,且在經營法令、宣傳上尚待突破。 (三) 市民農園使用者期待的環境教育活動型態前五名為: 1. 特用植物認識、栽培和利用;2. 農耕一日營;3. 生機飲食調理課程;4. 半日知性之旅;5. 花草世界探奇。且不同性別、年齡的使用者及相異性質的遊客群之間有細部的喜好差異。 故要透過市民農園來推展環境教育,則需要輔導者、經營者和使用者三方面,共同完成下列的努力: (一) 確立市民農園的管理法規,使其清楚地被業者瞭解及遵循,以奠定持續發展市民農園之環境教育功能的基礎 (二) 農會可從生態都市角度,更積極地促進市民農園環境教育功能的發展:1. 對園主辦理如何經營環境教育活動方面的講習;2. 與環境教育專業單位合作,研究發展適用於市民農園的活動方案(program);3. 與教育主管單位聯繫,促成學校利用市民農園進行戶外環境教育。 (三) 園主可朝向提昇市民農園之環境教育功能的方向,進一步的投資經營:1. 提供使用者喜好的環境教育主題之活動;2.活動設計與解說之人力質量提昇;3. 設施的質與量需符合使用者需要,且活動人數應設定上限,以維持生態與活動品質。 (四) 學校或民間教學單位,可多利用市民農園進行環境教育活動 關鍵詞:市民農園、環境教育、都市農業、有機農法

並列摘要


Similar to city farms or community gardens in the western countries, Citizen Garden is a new form of agriculture in Taiwan under the policy of developing leisure agriculture since 1980. In cities, it is also a type of land utilization with multiple functions that include recreation, education and production. For exploring the current status of environmental education (EE) function of citizen gardens in Taipei area and their potentiality in future, this research is designed as a descriptive survey by purposely selecting four citizen gardens─3 in Taipei city, 1 in Taipei county, as the range of research. All the data is collected by interviewing key staffs of farms’ association, the garden managers as well as 145 users of these four citizen gardens, including 70 renters and 75 visitors. Besides, interviews are also done to two renter cases that actively initiated environmental education program in garden. Two foreign city farm style cases that are education oriented are referred, too. The whole finding of this research is explained in two aspects: First is the current status about the EE function of citizen gardens: (1) Citizen gardens own EE resources. There also have different EE activities or program happened and been happening in citizen gardens. (2) The activities of some citizen gardens comprehend parts of environmental education contents, which are “ In” and “About” the environment. But they are lack of the content that is “For” the environment. (3) The planting activities of citizen garden have EE effect on renters, especially on their environmental sensitivity. (4) Renters of citizen gardens have higher environmental sensitivity than visitors. Second is the potentiality about the EE function of citizen gardens: (1) There exists the opportunity for EE in garden by offering activities, or by renting land to schools and interested groups. (2) Farms’ associations express positive attitude to the development of educational program in citizen gardens. But, they can not initiate that due to the limit of finance and manpower. There are also some defects in regulation and advertisement that are needed to work through. (3) The first five themes of EE activities in which whole users are interest are: herbs, organic farming(one day), healthy diet, organic farming(half day)and flowers and plants. There are also some preference difference among ages, gender and types of visitors. Due to the above findings, four suggestions are given to the farms’ association, garden managers and uses for developing the EE function of citizen gardens in Taipei area: (1) Specify the regulation for the citizen gardens and make it clearly be understood then obeyed by the garden managers. (2) From the view of ecological city, Farms’ associations could vigorously promote the development of EE of citizen gardens by hosting seminars for garden managers, cooperating with professional EE units and promoting the utilization by schools. (3) Citizen garden managers could invest more in the development of EE function of gardens, including in program design and hiring the professional workers. (4) Schools or NGOs can utilize citizen gardens more for activities with EE purpose. * Key words: citizen garden, environmental education, city agriculture, organic farming

參考文獻


邱發祥 (1996):市民農園承租者體驗農業行為之調查研究。《台灣農業》,32卷4期,26-34.。
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中文部分
王文科 (1998):《教育研究法》。台北:五南圖書。

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王書貞(2006)。台北縣市國小教師運用關渡自然公園進行戶外環境教育之需求研究〔碩士論文,國立臺灣師範大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0021-0712200716115222

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