都市郊丘綠地資源利用的時空變遷~~以臺北四獸山市民森林為例

The Temperal-Spatial Changes in the Use of Urban Peripheral hilly Woodlands :A Case Study of Hills of Four-Animals in Taipei

鄭秀蘭

指導教授 ： 鄭勝華

國立臺灣師範大學/文學院/地理學系/碩士(2000年)

摘要

【中文摘要】
都市的發展，常與其周邊的郊丘綠地有密切關係，郊丘綠地常供應都市發展需要的水源、林產、礦產及其他生活所需。隨著經濟的繁榮，休閒時間的增加，市民對生活品質及休閒活動日益注重，郊丘綠地又成為居民休閒遊憩活動的理想空間。
臺北市周圍盆緣多是郊丘林立，本研究乃以臺北東南隅的四獸山丘陵為例，探討都市郊丘綠地與都市發展的關係，驗證百年來臺北郊丘綠地資源利用的變遷；探討郊丘在休閒時代遊憩活動的屬性及永續發展的模式，以提供都市綠地規劃上的合理策略。
臺北盆地早期市民依四獸山岡巒起伏的意象，有如「虎、豹、獅、象」盤據臥藏，故以名之，與臺北市東區發展關係密切，除了提供生態資源（保安林）、經濟資源（煤礦、相思樹、農業）、防禦地及墓地等；1991年市政府透過學界規劃，以「四獸山市民森林」之名，設計為大臺北地區市民休閒遊憩地。本研究自1999年12月起為時一年，透過實察及2種問卷共405份資料分析，對四獸山郊丘綠地遊憩資源利用的時空特性，獲得初步結論：
日遊憩吸引圈主要在半徑2-3公里以內，主要遊憩者為40歲以上的壯、老年人，主要遊憩活動如健身、體操、健行、森林浴、觀賞風景等，週末遊憩活動型則再增加野餐、品茗、唱歌等；團體不定期活動以淨山保育、生態解說、運動健身（健行登山）為主，人文歷史解說方面較缺乏。根據四獸山研究案例，得知郊丘資源的永續發展，未來應配合既有當地居民之中、高年齡層之需求，並開發其他年齡層的可能性，兼顧休閒與保育的軟、硬體設計，提供學校及社會團體共謀永續經營利用。
關鍵字：都市郊丘、都市生態、脈絡理論、綠地、休閒遊憩、永續發展

關鍵字

都市郊丘 ； 綠地 ； 休閒遊憩 ； 都市生態 ； 脈絡理論 ； 永續發展

並列摘要

ABSTRACT
Urban growth is often related to the use of peripheral hilly woodlands. The latter serve as resources suppliers of water, firewood, minerals, and other life necessities. Following economic growth and urbanization, the hilly woodlands often change their role to become leisure and recreation areas for the urban residents.
Through a case study of Hills of Four-Animals in Taipei, this research attempt: 1, to explore how the change of peripheral hilly woodlands of Taipei was related to urban growth, 2, to examine how residents in Taipei changed their utilization of this area’s resources during the last one hundred years, and 3, to propose the best use of this green area in future as the demand for leisure activities is ever increasing.
The study area locates in the southeast of Taipei Basin. The forms of the hills in the area suggest the images of a tiger, a leopard, a lion, and an elephant, and that made the name and the fame for the Hills a hundred years ago. At the beginning of the 20th century, local people used the land as ecological and economic resources (forestry, mine, agriculture) as well as grave yards beside military bases. Today, the Hills serve as a leisure and recreation area in the metropolitan Taipei.
This study was accomplished after one-year fieldwork of interviewing local residents, weekend visitors from the City, and certain officials in charge of management and planning. In addition, two kinds of questionnaires surveys were conducted with 405 returns analyzed. The findings are as follows:
On the characteristics of visitors: 1.They are mainly from near by areas with an average one way travel distance of only 2-3 kilometers; 2. Most of them are of age above 40 years old; 3.The major daily activities are strolling, sight-seeing, mild sports, and gymnastics, but the weekend activities increase to include picnic, singing, and tea-drinking, etc..
Sustainable use of the land is possible if planning is carefully made to cater for visitors of all ages by integrating services and management to the land-use development. That is, preservation and utilization of this area of green resources should be balanced. Sponsorship and participation by ecological concerned organizations or schools are needed to reach such a goal.
Keywords：urban peripheral hilly woodlands , urban ecology , contextual theory , green area , leisure recreation , sustainable development

並列關鍵字

urban peripheral hilly woodlands ； green area ； leisure recreation ； urban ecology ； contextual theory ； sustainable development