身心障礙者取向的職務再設計--探討身心障礙者工作環境改善之經驗

Consumer-Based Job Accommodation--Experiences of job accommodationof disabled workers

邱滿艷(Cuiu Man-yen (Theresa))

指導教授 ： 林幸台博士 ； 紀佳芬博士

國立臺灣師範大學/教育學院/特殊教育學系/博士(2000年)

摘要

摘 要
本研究以深度訪談法訪問兩位身心障礙者、三位有關人員，以電話訪談或會議方式訪問二十五位有關人員，探討身心障礙者工作環境改善的經驗，瞭解身心障礙者工作環境改善的需求、困難與克服之道。
本研究主要結果如下：
一、工作環境改善需求：(一)包含屬於硬體的建築或設備與屬於軟體的人力協助；(二)會因不同障別、障礙程度、職業別而異；(三)有個體內差異；(四)有些是一次性的，有些是長期的；(五)宜從工作的第一天開始改善。
二、工作環境改善的困難包括：(一)改善範圍太大、改善主體不能操之在我；(二)僱用單位的支持不夠；(三)提供服務時的「說明」、「選擇」、「溝通」、「設計」、「簡化」、「時效」、「追蹤」缺失；(四)科技發展不符需求；(五)障礙員工認知不正確。
三、在工作環境改善困難的克服方法發現：改善時可彈性運用「自行克服」、「透過僱用單位」、「社會資源」三種方法，但有些則需透過全面性的改善才能解決問題。
本研究主要建議如下：
一、提供硬、軟體並重的「工作環境改善」措施。
二、從「營運」的觀點，促使僱用單位共同參與工作環境改善。
三、服務的專業應反映在對接受服務者的「說明」、「選擇」、「溝通」、「規劃設計」、「簡化」、「時效」、「追蹤」上。
四、循最有效的管道，將服務的資訊送達僱用單位與障礙員工手中。
五、融合工作環境改善的服務於社區化就業服務系統。
六、全面性無障礙環境的配套措施。

關鍵字

職務改善 ； 職務重組 ； 職務工程 ； 職務重組 ； 職務再設計 ； 身心障礙工作者

並列摘要

Consumer-Based Job Accommodation
--Experiences of job accommodation
of disabled workers
Cuiu Man-yen (Theresa)
ABSTRACT
The purposes of this study were to understand content, difficulties, and resolution of problems of job accommodation(JA) by interviewing two individuals of the disabled, three significant persons in terms of interview, and by collecting information from twenty-five significant persons in terms of brief interview or meeting method.
The results of this study were as followed：
1.The needs of job accommodation：(1)included items of resource accessibility accommodation and non- resource accessibility accommodation；(2)were different because of disabilities, degree of disability, and occupations；(3) were different within an individual；(4)were either once or long-termed；(5)were better to implement from the beginning of the job.
2.Difficulties of included：(1) extent of difficulty were too big or “up to others”；(2)the support system from employers was not strong enough；(3)defects of ‘explanation’, ‘choices’ , ‘communication’ ,‘design’ ,‘simplification’ ,‘effect’, and ‘following-up’ of services for the disabled；(4) assistive technology could not meet needs of the disabled；(5)problems of cognition of disabled workers.
3.Problems of JA could be solved in terms of disabled workers, employers, or social resources. But universal designs were necessary sometimes.
The suggestions of the study were as followed：
1. To provide JA including personal assistance services and non- personal assistance services.
2.To improve employers’ participation of processing of JA from viewpoint of running a business.
3.To reflect the quality of ‘explanation’, ‘choices’, ‘communication’, ‘design’, ’simplification’,
‘effect’, and ‘following-up’ of services for the disabled.
4. To deliver the information of services in terms of the most effect ways.
5. To integrate services of JA to community-based employment services system.
6. To provide universal designs at the same time.

並列關鍵字

Job Accommodation ； job modification ； job engineering ； job restructuring ； Job redesign ； disabled workers

參考文獻

ARRAY(0xf58ad84)