Iris Murdoch 道德哲學及其在德育上之意涵

Iris Murdoch's Moral Philosophy and Its Implications on Moral Education

洪一賓(Yi-bin Hong)

指導教授 ： 林逢祺 ； 林建福

國立臺灣師範大學/教育學院/教育學系/碩士(2000年)

摘要

本研究旨在探討Murdoch的道德哲學，並嘗試衍釋其在德育上之意涵。Murdoch道德哲學關注人的內在道德，並確立了善與自我之間的關係，主張善是個體所持續追求的完美境界。
個體向善是定勢，然而個體為何向善？又是如何向善呢？她提出了愛與藝術作為個體與善之間的連結，也同時回應了上面兩個問題。她的善代表了所有價值的最終規準，也是人類所追求的終極完美目標，在現今道德失序的困境中點亮了一盞明燈，這樣的主張著實指引我們道德努力的方向與歸趨。
在論述完Murdoch的道德哲學之後，本文試圖對其加以評論以及衍釋其德育意涵，並擬具建議，作為道德教育實施之參考。

關鍵字

艾瑞絲•梅鐸 ； 道德哲學 ； 道德教育 ； 愛 ； 藝術 ； 善 ； 自我

並列摘要

The aim of the thesis is to search into the moral philosophy of Iris Murdoch and to develop the implication of it on moral education. Murdoch’s moral philosophy focuses on the inner morality, and it establishes firmly the relationship between Good and the self. She claims that Good is the perfection the individuals always pursue.
The tendency to Good is necessary for each individual. However, why does the individual have to turn towards to Good? How does the individual tend to Good? Theses are the questions Murdoch wants to answer. She connects Good and the individual with love and art, and thus answers those two questions. The Good she claims stands for the ultimate standard of all kinds of value, and it is also the perfection humans pursue. The Good is like the flash of light to brighten us in the difficult position in which the morality has been disordered, and her claims point out the direction and leads us to make efforts for it.
At the end of the thesis after the discussion on Murdoch’s philosophy, I try to address my comments and develop the moral implication of it, and finally I give some propositions which may be references to support the practice of moral education.

並列關鍵字

Iris Murdoch ； moral philosophy ； moral education ； love ； art ； good ； self

參考文獻

高強華（2000）。青少年的價值選擇與價值教育，載於青少年人格建構研討會論文集，頁19-43。國立台灣師範大學教育學系。

黃藿（1996）。理性、德行與幸福---亞里斯多德倫理學研究。台北：台灣學生書局。

黃藿（1999）。德行倫理學的復興與當代道德教育。中大社會文化學報，9期，頁1-18。

鄔昆如（1995）。哲學概論。台北：五南。

Murdoch, I. (1951). Thinking and Language. The Aristotelian Society: Freedom, Language and Self-Knowledge, Supplementary Vol. 25.