2000年台灣總統大選三位候選人語音的聲學與感知聽辨分析

An Acoustic and Perceptual Approach to the Representation of Taiwan Mandarin-- A Case Study of the Three Presidential Candidates' Speech

陳春美(Chun-Mei Chen)

指導教授 ： 曾金金

國立臺灣師範大學/國際與僑教學院/華語文教學研究所/碩士(2000年)

摘要

本研究以兩千年台灣總統大選三位候選人的語音為研究題材，從聲學及感知聽辨的角度來研究台灣國語的類型。陳水扁所呈現的類型是帶有閩南語腔調的台灣國語，宋楚瑜呈現的是湖南外省腔國語，連戰呈現的是以閩南語及國語雙語使用者所說的國語。藉由華語教師,本地人及初級美籍學生的聽辨結果,我們進行聲學語音的檢測研究。研究結果顯示，三位候選人所呈現的國語受其母語的影響相當大，他們的捲舌音及軟顎鼻音韻尾都呈現偏誤的變體。本研究能夠提供華語教師教學上的啟示，並能幫助外籍學生聽辨台灣國語。

關鍵字

聲學 ； 語音 ； 感知聽辨 ； 總統候選人 ； 台灣國語 ； HASH(0xa7f5924) ； HASH(0xa7f599c)

並列摘要

Abstract
This study focuses upon voice data from mass media to disclose the phonetic facts of modern Taiwan Mandarin and to identify its acoustic and perceptual varieties. The study consists of perceptual tests and acoustic analyses of continuous speech. Each candidate represents one unique kind of Taiwan Mandarin. Candidate Chen's speech represents the Mandarin variety which is heavily influenced by Taiwanese. Candidate Soong's speech represents the Mandarin variety of “Mainlanders”, whose parents were born and raised in one of the provinces in Mainland China. Candidate Lien's speech represents the variety that is employed by bilingual speakers of Mandarin and Taiwanese. Based on perceptual tests, the phonetic features of each candidate are constructed. The acoustic analyses will provide objective data to interpret the perceptual constructions.
The results show that the so-called Taiwan Mandarin may vary considerably according to the speaker's language backgrounds. In the syllable-initial consonants, Chen's retroflex [tG, tG‘, G, B], fricative [f] and [x], nasal [m] and [n], palato-alveolar [tV, V] were perceived deviate from the standard Mandarin Chinese. In the Medial glide category, Chen substituted [i] for [y] at the syllable medial position. Chen’s insertion of Medial [u] is conditioned by the initial labial consonants. In the Rime category, Chen's various pronunciations of [iEn] and [KN] were perceived as [En] and [Kn]. Apical vowel [W] was perceived as either its counterpart [L] or [u]. In the Tone category, Chen's second tone was perceived as the third tone. The phenomena listed above can be explained by the influence of his mother tongue, Taiwanese. Soong's speech was considered within the standard range, except for his nasal consonant [n] and velar nasal-ending vowel [KN]. Lien's speech was considered standard, except for his [KN]. Nevertheless, the perceptual realizations of Lien's tones present noticeable deviations from the standard Mandarin, which might be influenced by stress, speed and other factors. We should note that both Soong's and Lien's feature of retroflex did not meet the criteria of all the Mandarin teachers.
The study provides acoustic and perceptual characteristics for the three varieties of Taiwan Mandarin. The pedagogical implication is to let second language learners of Mandarin Chinese know the pronunciation varieties of Taiwan Mandarin and thus can enhance their comprehension of Taiwan Mandarin.

並列關鍵字

Taiwan Mandarin ； Acoustic ； Perceptual ； Presidential Candidates ； Phonetics ； Variants ； Bilingual

參考文獻

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