國中學生對學校午餐偏好及滿意度之研究---以台北縣三峽國中為例

Junior High Students’ Preference and Satisfaction Toward School Lunch Program

方聖華(Fang Sheng-hua)

指導教授 ： 孫瑜華 博士

國立臺灣師範大學/教育學院/人類發展與家庭學系/碩士(2001年)

摘要

本研究旨在了解國中生對於學校午餐菜色之食用頻率、偏好度及滿意度之情形，並探討其間之相關性，及菜色之食用頻率、偏好度對滿意度之影響力，並分析國中生對學校午餐菜色之食用頻率、偏好度及滿意度是否因不同人口統計變數而有所差異。本研究採問卷調查法，研究工具為「學校午餐偏好及滿意度量表」，問卷內容包括「菜單設計內容量表」、「用餐滿意度量表」及「個人基本資料調查表」三部分；其中「菜單設計內容量表」包括「菜色偏好量表」及「食用頻率量表」二部分。發放問卷1232份，回收有效問卷為1185份。分析方法上，以次數分配及百分比來描述樣本狀況，並運用因素分析萃取出四個滿意度因素；採用皮爾遜積差相關檢視食用頻率、偏好度及滿意度之相關性；利用t檢定及ANOVA檢定人口統計變項與食用頻率、偏好度及滿意度間的差異。最後利用多元迴歸分析食用頻率、偏好度對滿意度之影響力。本研究結果顯示國中生對乳製品、主食類及水果類之偏好度與食用頻率均比副食類及湯類高；大多數的國中生對學校午餐的整體用餐滿意度，表示滿意或非常滿意，對水果及乳製品供應次數的滿意度最低；不同背景的學生對午餐菜色的食用頻率均無顯著差異；不同年級、不同零用錢數及看電視時間長短不同的受試者，對午餐菜色的偏好度及滿意度均有顯著差異；菜色偏好度、食用頻率與滿意度呈正相關，學生對菜色偏好度高、食用頻率也高，滿意度也愈高。本研究提供學校辦理午餐時之參考，及學校營養師、教師設計營養課程之依據。

關鍵字

國中生 ； 學校午餐 ； 食用頻率 ； 偏好 ； 用餐滿意度

並列摘要

School lunch program has been widely adopted in Taiwan since 1957. However, there is a void of research regarding students’ preference or satisfaction toward the program. Hence, there is a desperate need for researchers to investigate how students like their school lunch program. The primary purposes of this research are to (a) investigate students’ eating frequency of various food and dishes, (b) to explore students’ food and dish preferences, (c) examine the relationships among students’ food eating frequency, food preference, and dining satisfaction.
The sampling frame of this research was students of SanShia Junior High School. 1232 questionnaires were handed out, 1232 questionnaires were returned. Of the 1232 questionnaires returned, 1185 were appropriate for analysis, resulting in a valid return rate of 95.2%.
Statistical techniques including descriptive statistics, factor analysis, Cronbach’s alpha, Correlation analysis, ANOVA, and regression analysis were used to analyze the data and test the hypotheses. The results of this research showed that food eating frequency, food preference, and satisfaction of school lunch program were significantly related. Interestingly enough, age, amount of allowance, and time spent on watching TV were also found to be significantly related to food preference. The findings of this research can provide useful insight to school lunch program management.

並列關鍵字

junior high school students ； school lunch program ； food eating frequency ； food preference ； dining satisfaction