Ruth Jonathan倫理自由主義在教育上之應用

Ruth Jonathan’s Thoughts about Ethical Liberalism and Its Applications in Education

林稚維(LIN JR WEI)

指導教授 ： 林逢祺

國立臺灣師範大學/教育學院/教育學系/碩士(2001年)

摘要

本研究旨在探討「Ruth Jonathan倫理自由主義在教育上之應用」，希望藉此闡明市場化教育改革之利弊得失，並從中尋繹我國教育改革可資借鏡的方針。
本論文主要之研究目的為：（一）理解Ruth Jonathan倫理自由主義理論之全象。（二）認識Ruth Jonathan倫理自由主義思想在近代自由主義思想中之地位。（三）認識Ruth Jonathan對於新自由主義教育理論之評判。
（四）理解Ruth Jonathan論個體發展與教育資源分配之關係。（五）理解Ruth Jonathan論教育自由與教育平等之關係。（六）綜合研究結果，析論Ruth Jonathan倫理自由主義在教育上之應用。
根據前述的探討，本研究的結論如下：
一、Jonathan以倫理的角度重新詮釋自由主義的理想，解決自由主義價值中立所帶來的困境；再者，她提出實質的自由與構成的平等二概念，解決了自由主義長久以來在自由與平等二者之間的拉鋸。
二、Jonathan指出教育是一種地位財，容易造成原地位有利者愈有利而原地位不利者愈不利的情況出現。因此新自由主義市場化的教育改革是錯誤的，而教育資源之分配需有適度的規範。
三、Jonathan認為教育平等是教育自由的必要條件，國家必須以公共的行動提供理想的公共教育，方能真正達成自由主義的理想。
最後，本研究對我國教育改革提出以下建議：（一）教育改革者應該建立正確的自我本體觀。（二）從事教育改革，應該破除教育平等必然達成社會平等的迷思。（三）教育改革應該照顧社會處境不利者。（四）教育改革不能完全訴諸市場法則，應該適度規範教育活動。（五）教育內容應該適當地反映各族群和各階層的價值與文化。

關鍵字

教育自由 ； 教育平等 ； 自由主義 ； 新自由主義 ； 倫理自由主義 ； HASH(0xb4c0694)

並列摘要

Ruth Jonathan’s Thoughts about Ethical Liberalism
and Its Applications in Education
Abstract
The main purpose of this research is to explore Ruth Jonathan’s thoughts about Ethical Liberalism and its applications in education, with the hope this discourse would be helpful to explain that the advantages and disadvantages of educational reform which uses free market theory, and find out some suggestions for our educational revolution from it.
The purposes of this thesis are as follows: (1) to understand Ruth Jonathan’s whole theory of Ethical Liberalism. (2) to realize the status of Ruth Jonathan’s Ethical Liberalism in Liberalism. (3) to realize Ruth Jonathan’s critics of Neo-Liberalism. (4) to understand Ruth Jonathan how to discuss the relationship between individuals’ development and education resources. (5) to understand Ruth Jonathan how to discuss the relationship between educational liberty and educational equality. (6) to explore the applications of Ruth Jonathan’s Ethical Liberalism on education.
Based on the results above, the conclusions of this study are summarized as follows:
1. Jonathan re-explains Liberalism’s ideals with an ethical view, resolving the dilemma which the principle of value-free causes, and she offers “substantive liberty” and “constitutive equality” to resolve the conflict of liberty and equality.
2. Jonathan asserts education is such a positional goods that it is easy to cause education cumulative. So Neo-Liberalism’ educational theory is wrong, and the distribution of education resources needs appropriate regulation.
3.Jonathan claims that equality of education is the necessary condition to liberty of education. The state or the government should provide persons ideal public education with public action, in order to makes Liberalism’s ideal come true.
Finally, some suggestions of this study are provided for educational reform as follows: (1) reformers should formulate right conception of the individual. (2) the myth of that educational equality must result in social equality should be given up. (3) people in disadvantaged situation should be taken care of. (4) education activities should be appropriately regulated. (5) the context of education should be reflected in the value and culture of all ethics and statuses appropriately.

並列關鍵字

liberty of education ； equality of education ； Liberalism ； Neo-Liberalism ； Ethical Liberalism ； Ruth Jonathan

參考文獻

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