國小學童以不同負重方式與行走速度對足底壓力的影響

The effect of plantar pressure of elementary school students in different loading styles and walking speeds

鍾祥賜(Hsiang- Szu CHUNG)

指導教授 ： 陳五洲

國立臺灣師範大學/運動與休閒學院/體育學系/碩士(2001年)

摘要

在台灣，學生書包過重問題隨著升學管道及教材編印的多元化，日趨嚴重。此現象除了造成學生們心理壓力增加外，沉重的書包亦成了成長發育中學子們無法承受之「重」。過去許多研究顯示，長期的不當負重將導致身體傷害及疼痛的產生。因此本研究將針對國小五、六年級學童以不同速度及不同方式背書包在足底壓力上的變化作一研究與探討，期使對國小學童「行」的足部安全，提供參考與建議。本研究藉由EMED-pedar足底壓力量測系統測量十二位國小男性學童（平均體重40.7±5.7公斤）在兩種速度（步頻分別為105步/分、142步/分）下分別採不負重及三種不同負重方式（右肩負重、左肩右斜、雙肩後背）背負受試者自身重量×12.5%的書包步行20公尺之足底壓力，以了解負重方式及速度改變對足底壓力參數的影響及變化情形。將所得資料經二因子相依樣本變異數分析及事後多重比較（α＝.05），獲得以下結果：一、速度增加時，造成左右足各分區的最大足底壓力及對地最大作用力增加，但力量時間積分值及壓力時間積分值則減少。二、三種負重方式的最大足底壓力、對地最大作用力、力量時間積分值及壓力時間積分值皆有比不負重大的趨勢，其中右肩負重影響最大、左肩右斜次之、雙肩負重最小，但三者間無顯著差異。三、在相同負重方式相同速度下，左右足足底壓力參數在最適速度時變化並不規則，但在快速時，右足皆大於左足，顯示足壓有向右足偏移的趨勢，其中又以右肩負重及左肩右斜較為明顯。四、對各區之足底壓力參數而言，速度與負重方式間無交互作用。

關鍵字

足底壓力 ； 行走速度 ； 負重方式 ； 國小學童

並列摘要

In Taiwan, because the ways of entering a higher school and the teaching materials are getting more and more various, the problems of overloading of the students’ schoolbags are getting more and more serious. It not only increases the psychological but also the physiological stress of the students. According to the past researches, improper loading styles will cause the injuries and pain of the bodies. Therefore, the purpose of the study is to know how the different walking speeds and loading styles will influence the plantar pressure of the 5th and 6th grade of the elementary school students. In the study, EMED-pedar system was used to measure the plantar pressure of twelve male students (40.7±5.7kg) on two kinds of walking velocities (105 and 142 steps/min) and four kinds of loading styles (none weight bearing, right shoulder style, left shoulder diagonal style and two shoulder style). The weight of the schoolbag was 12.5% of the students’ body weight and they had to carry it and walked for 20 meters. After statistical analysis with two-way ANOVA repeated measure and Tukey’s post hoc procedure were applied, the results of the study were as below: 1)The increasing of the velocity would increase the maximal plantar pressure (MPP) and maximal force (MF) of all masks of the feet, but it would make the integral of the force-time(FTI) and pressure-time(PTI) values decrease. 2)While the velocity was the same,MPP,MF,FTI and PTI values of three loading styles, respectively right shoulder style, left shoulder diagonal style and two shoulder style, were all greater than none weight bearing situation, but there were no difference among three of them . 3)While the loading style and the velocity were both
the same, the variation of the plantar pressure parameters of both left and right foot on proper speed were not regular, but the right foot was greater than left foot on fast speed and it revealed that the plantar pressure was shift to right foot. 4)To all pressure parameters of all masks of both feet, there were no interaction between loading styles and walking velocities.
Keyword: plantar pressure, walking speed, loading style,
elementary school student

並列關鍵字

plantar pressure, ； walking speed ； loading style ； elementary school student

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