臺北市北投中心新村之保存與發展探究

自1949年起至1960年代，來自中國大陸各省的國軍及其眷屬，因第二次國共內戰失利而隨國民政府遷徙至臺灣，政府機關為安置他們乃興建或配置形成的眷村聚落，特殊的歷史背景所衍生的眷村，匯集了來自中國大陸南北各省異地生活習俗的官兵和眷屬，各式各樣的族群與區域文化融合在一起，產生了多樣的人文風貌，可說是多元文化的縮影，更是台灣重要的文化資產。筆者即從如此的竹籬笆環境中成長，而近年來有感於眷村改建政策的施行，眷村已逐步消失中。2011 年，國防部公告保存全臺 13 處眷村登錄文化部文化遺產，使獨具特殊意義的眷村透過保存運動保存下來。臺北市北投區中心新村為全臺 13 處眷村文化保存區之聚落建築群之一，全區保存完整，不僅日據時期為「陸軍衛戍醫院北投轉地療養所」，具有「溫泉」及「北投醫院精神療養」的特色，建築則因屢經變遷具有日遺、婦聯會及自行增建等各時期之眷村特色，呈現豐富多樣且完整的建築樣式，具有脈絡式保存之必要，以呈現歷史變遷痕跡。本研究透過深度訪談及實地調查，發現原住民已因眷村老舊而搬離，中心新村的眷村文化保存定位除了閒置空間再利用，當北投以再造歷史現場之姿成立「北投生活環境博物園區」，中心新村作為其中的重要一環，緊鄰新北投溫泉區，富有豐富人文史蹟、自然生態及藝術涵養，除規劃藝術駐村、背包客體驗，甚至是青銀共創、地方創生等在地微型企業方式進行中心新村聚落空間的活化，更應透過科技、劇場乃至於工作坊等形式描繪出眷村精神中人與人之間的關係與情感聯繫與歷史脈絡，並進而達到認識眷村文化，得以讓這一段中心新村的眷村記憶、情感經驗與生命歷程得以帶來共鳴及影響。

關鍵字

中心新村；眷村；眷村文化保存；文化資產

並列摘要

Since 1949 until the 1960 's, the military and their families from mainland China provinces, because the second civil war defeat and migrate with the national government to Tai Bay, the government for the resettlement of them is the construction of settlements or military community formed configuration , A military village derived from a special historical background, brings together officers, soldiers and dependents from different places in the north and south provinces of mainland China The fusion of various ethnic groups and regional cultures has produced diverse humanistic features. It can be said to be the epitome of multiculturalism , and it is an important cultural asset of Taiwan. The author grew up from such a bamboo fence environment. In recent years, I have felt that the military villages have gradually disappeared after the implementation of the rebuilding policy of the dependents’ villages. In 2011, the Ministry of National Defense announced the preservation of the cultural heritage of 13 military villages registered by the Ministry of Culture in Taiwan , so that the military villages with special significance have been preserved through the preservation campaign. Taiwan Taipei district of Beitou Village for the whole station at 13 military community preservation district of cultural one settlement buildings, preserved region, not only the Japanese colonial period as "army garrison hospital Peitou turn to nursing homes" with "spa" and "Beitou hospital spiritual healing" characteristics, building many times due to change with a day left , Women's League and increase their own military community features built in different periods, etc.,presenting diverse and complete architectural style, with the necessary context to save the formula , To show traces of historical changes. In this study, through in-depth interviews and field surveys, found that indigenous people have to move out because of the military community and old, military dependents cultural preservation in addition to locating the center of the village of unused space reuse, recycling history when Peitou to live posture set up a "Peitou living environment ecological Park "Village Center as an important part of them, next to the new Beitou hot spring area, full of rich historical monuments, natural ecology and art conservation, in addition to planning artistic residency, backpackers experience, or even a green Bank co- creators, local record To activate the settlement space of the central new village by means of local micro-enterprises such as health, it is necessary to use technology, theater and even workshops to depict the relationship and emotional connection and historical context between people in the spirit of the dependent village , and then achieve Knowing the culture of the dependents’ villages can bring resonance and influence to the memories, emotional experiences and life courses of the dependents’ villages in this section of Zhongxin Village.