幼兒幽默表現分析及其與幼兒創造力關聯之研究

本研究旨在探究幼兒的幽默表現型態，並將其表現型態與幼兒創造力進行分析，討論兩者之間的關聯性。研究對象為臺北市兩所公立幼兒園各一班級的中班及大班幼兒一共53位。53位幼兒進行研究者自行編製之幼兒幽默表現作業，一共有四種題型，包括：出糗、誇張、融合及變化，欲測得幼兒在幽默創造中出糗、誇大、新奇概念組合及法則誤用的技巧。以一對一看圖片問答的方式，讓幼兒說出符合圖片的好笑情境，研究者記錄之並加以分析其幽默反應型態。考量幼兒施測的時間及穩定度，研究者設計了兩種作業版本，讓幼兒分別施測，以取得更多有效資料。53位幼兒進行行動和動作創造思考測驗 (Thinking Creatively in Action and Movement，TCAM)，以取得幼兒在創造力的流暢力、獨創力及想像力分數。最後將幼兒幽默表現型態計算總分並與創造力的流暢力、獨創力及想像力進行相關統計分析，以獲得幼兒幽默表現與年齡及創造力之關聯。本研究之結果發現：1.在幼兒幽默表現作業中展現的答題反應分為三種：無幽默反應、簡單幽默反應及複雜幽默反應。2.幼兒擅長表現簡單的基本語言幽默；然在失諧解困型態之幽默技巧尚未成熟。3.幼兒參與幽默創造表現作業對題目的理解有年齡上的差異，但幽默表現則無差異。4.幼兒幽默表現與創造力的流暢力、獨創力及想像力有顯著正相關並可預測整體創造力，其中又以誇張題表現最為顯著。本研究研究者匯整相關文獻資料將幼兒幽默表現以質性紀錄量化分析的方式進行分析，期盼未來能對幼兒幽默的評量與發展有所貢獻。研究者最後根據研究結果提供教學及研究上之相關建議，也使得實務工作及後續研究能夠有所參考。

關鍵字

幼兒幽默表現作業；幼兒創造力；探索型混合研究

並列摘要

The purpose of this study is to explore the humorous performance of children, analyze their performance patterns and their creativity, discuss the correlation between the two. 53 kindergarden children were invited to carry out their own humorous performance assignments prepared by the researchers. There are four types of humorous expressions, including: Incongruity, exaggeration, fusion and change. Children try to produce a funny situation that matches the picture,. Considering the time and stability of the child's test, the researchers designed two versions of the work, allowing the child to test separately to obtain more effective information. Next, 53 children should join the Think Creatively in Action and Movement (TCAM) in order to obtain children's creativity scores. Finally, calculate the total score of children's humorous performance patterns and analysis with creativity's fluency, originality and imagination to obtain the relationship between children's humorous performance and age and creativity. The results of this study find that: 1. There are three types of response to children's humorous: no humorous response, simple humorous response and complex humorous response. 2. Children are good at showing simple humor; however, complex humor is not outstanding. 3. There is no difference in humor performance between younger children and older children 4. Children's humorous performance is correlated with fluency, originality and imagination and can predict creativity, and the exaggerated is the most significant. This study analyze and record the humor performance of children in a quantitative manner, and look forward to contributing to the evaluation and development of children's humor in the future. Finally, the study provides teaching and research suggestions, which also enables practical work and follow-up research.