彰化縣某國立高中學生睡眠品質及其相關因素研究

本研究旨在探討高中學生睡眠品質與其背景變項、個人習慣及生活壓力的關係。以彰化縣某國立高中學生為研究對象，採問卷調查法，以分層集束抽樣，抽取12個班級，得有效問卷為457份(有效回收率為100%)。資料經處理與統計分析，得研究結果如下：一、研究對象自覺健康狀況屬中等以上程度，個人習慣中睡眠環境十分良好，睡眠習慣、網路使用屬中等程度，飲食習慣屬中上程度；生活壓力整體屬中下程度，而其中以人際壓力最小，家庭壓力次之，課業壓力最大。研究對象的睡眠品質屬中度睡眠困難，其中58.4％的人睡眠品質差，且睡眠品質嚴重不良者有5.2％。二、研究對象自覺健康狀況越好者，睡眠品質較佳。個人習慣中睡眠環境、睡眠習慣、網路使用及飲食習慣越差，睡眠品質越差；其中與睡眠品質的關係最密切的是網路使用。生活壓力中的家庭壓力、課業壓力及人際壓力越大，睡眠品質越差；其中與睡眠品質關係最大的是課業壓力。三、研究對象之背景變項、個人習慣及生活壓力可有效預測睡眠品質，解釋力為30.8％；其中以背景變項年級中的「三年級」及「自覺健康狀況」，個人習慣中的「睡眠環境」、「睡眠習慣」、「網路使用」及「飲食習慣」，生活壓力中的「課業壓力」為主要預測變項，並以「自覺健康狀況」的影響最大。研究結果顯示，研究對象中三年級，自覺健康狀況、睡眠環境、睡眠習慣、網路使用及飲食習慣越差者，課業壓力越大者，其睡眠品質越差。本研究建議學校教育應加強睡眠品質、壓力紓解及網路成癮教學以提升高中學生之睡眠品質。

關鍵字

高中學生；睡眠品質；自覺健康狀況；個人習慣；生活壓力

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to examine the sleep quality among senior high school students. The factors related to sleep quality among the students of different background variables, personal habits and life stress are examined. The multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method was used to select. The senior high school students in Changhua, Taiwan as the participants for the study. A self-administered structured questionnaire was used as the study tool. There were 457 valid samples from 12 classes with 100% of effective responding rate. The results of this study were summarized as follows: 1.Among the background variables, the score of conscientious health status was above average. Among the personal habits, the score of sleep environment was considerably well; the score of sleep habits, internet use were on average, the score of eating habits was well. The total of life pressure was below average; the academic pressure was the most powerful impact among life pressure, fallowed by family pressure and interpersonal pressure. The average PQSI score among the participants was medium difficulty, moreover, the rate of poor sleepers was 58.4% and severe adverse sleep qulity was 5.2%. 2.For the subjects who with higher degree of conscientious health status, their sleep quality got better. Among the personal habits, those who were poor sleep environment, poor sleep habits, poor internet use and poor eating habits were tendency to poor PQSI score; the internet use had the highest correlation with sleep quality. Among the life pressures, those who were higher family pressure, higher academic pressure, poor internet use and higher interpersonal pressure were tendency to poor PQSI score; the academic pressure had the highest correlation with sleep quality. 3.The explanatory power of the background variables, personal habits and life stress was 30.8%. Multiple regression analysis showed that 12th grade, conscientious health status, sleep environment, sleep habits, internet use, eating habits, academic pressure were more significant; the conscientious health status had the strongest predictive power for sleep quality. Conclusion of this study was school education should promote sleep quality, pressure relief and internet addiction teachings to enhance the sleep quality among the senior high school students.