新北市高中團體與個人運動選手之情緒智力與壓力因應策略研究

本研究旨在探討新北市高中團體與個人運動選手情緒智力與壓力因應策略之現況與差異性，研究對象為參加106年全國中等學校運動會及教育部舉辦全國高級中等學校聯賽決賽之新北市高中運動選手，採立意抽樣方式，選取15所學校，並以「情緒智力」與「壓力因應策略」量表為研究工具進行調查，共發放355份問卷，回收330份，其中有效問卷307份，有效回收率為93%，所得資料以描述性統計、二因子變異數分析以及皮爾森積差相關進行分析。結果發現：一、新北市高中團體運動與個人運動選手情緒智力屬於「中程度」，男選手在「自我情緒的管理」上顯著優於女選手，高三選手在「自我激勵」、「他人情緒的認知」以及「人際關係的管理」上顯著優於高二選手；二、新北市高中團體運動與個人運動選手壓力因應策略介於「偶爾使用」到「經常使用」程度，男選手在「逃避」因應策略使用上顯著多於女選手；三、新北市高中運動選手情緒智力與壓力因應策略之間呈現中度正相關。本研究結論為新北市高中選手之情緒智力及壓力因應策略屬中等程度，新北市高中運動選手之情緒智力與壓力因應策略在性別與年級之間有差異，而不同運動屬性選手之情緒智力與壓力因應策略不因性別、年級而有所差異，選手的情緒智力愈高愈助於選手使用因應策略以面對其所承受的壓力。

關鍵字

運動屬性；運動選手；全中運

並列摘要

The aim of this research was to explore the status quo and differences among high school team and individual athletes in New Taipei City in terms of emotional intelligence and stress coping strategies. The participants consisted of high school athletes having participated in 2017 National High School Athletic Games and National High School League Finals held by the Ministry of Education. Using purposive sampling method, 15 schools were selected, and the study was then conducted by applying Emotional Intelligence Scale and Stress Coping Strategies Scale. Among a total of 355 questionnaires distributed, 307 out of 330 returned are valid with an effective response rate of 93%. The data obtained was analyzed by descriptive statistics, two-way ANOVA, and Pearson product-moment correlation. The results are follows: 1. The emotional intelligence of high school team and individual athletes in New Taipei City was at intermediate level. Male athletes were significantly superior to their female counterparts in self-emotion management, and high school senior athletes showed better performance than junior athletes in the categories of self-motivation, social awareness, and relationship management. 2. The stress coping strategies used by high school team and individual athletes in New Taipei City fell between Occasionally Used and Frequently Used. Male athletes were found to use the Avoidance stress coping strategy more frequently than their female counterparts. 3. There was positive correlation between emotional intelligence and stress coping strategies of high school athletes in New Taipei City. In conclusion, the emotional intelligence and the use of stress coping strategies of high school athletes in New Taipei City were at intermediate level. No significant gender or grade differences in the emotional intelligence and the use of stress coping strategies were found in team and individual athletes; the higher an athlete’s emotional intelligence, the better coping strategies are used to deal with the pressure borne.