情緒調節策略在無法忍受不確定性與心理健康間的關係：調節效果的檢證

The Relationship between Intolerance of Uncertainty, Emotion Regulation and Mental Health: Examining the Moderation Role of Emotion Regulation

潘宣露(Pan Hsuan-Lu)

指導教授 ： 陳秀蓉

國立臺灣師範大學/教育學院/教育心理與輔導學系/碩士(2018年)

https://doi.org/10.6345/THE.NTNU.DEPC.019.2018.F02

摘要

無法忍受不確定性與個體的心理症狀息息相關，為了解臨床和非臨床族群心理健康的重要指標之一。過去研究指出，個體對於不同情緒調節策略的應用，有助於調整個體的心理健康適應情形。本研究旨在探討情緒調節策略對於無法忍受不確定性與負向心理健康間的關聯以及調節效果。研究方法以問卷調查法，針對北部大專院校之大學生進行施測，有效樣本為498人，受試者平均年齡為20.12歲（SD = 1.86），其中男性共168名（33.7%）、女性共330名（66.3%）。研究工具包含：「個人基本資料表」、「無法忍受不確定性量表短版」、「情緒調節問卷」、「行動與接納問卷」、「止觀注意覺察量表」、「憂鬱、焦慮及壓力量表簡版」。本研究結果發現如下所示：

一、大學生的「無法忍受不確定性」與「憂鬱」、「焦慮」、「壓力」有顯著正相關；「無法忍受不確定性」與「接納策略」及「正念策略」有顯著負相關；「再評估策略」、「接納策略」與「正念策略」與「憂鬱」、「焦慮」、「壓力」有顯著負相關，「壓抑策略」與「憂鬱」有顯著正相關。

二、控制背景變項後，四項情緒調節策略對於「無法忍受不確定性」與「負向心理健康」的調節效果如下：「再評估策略」與「正念策略」兩項策略分別在「無法忍受不確定性」與負向心理健康的「憂鬱」、「焦慮」或「壓力」之間具有調節效果；「壓抑策略」與「接納策略」兩項策略則對於「無法忍受不確定性」與各項負向心理健康之間不具調節效果。當大學生使用「再評估策略」或「正念策略」的程度較高時，「無法忍受不確定性」與「憂鬱」、「焦慮」或「壓力」間的正向關係較弱；當大學生使用「再評估策略」或「正念策略」的程度較低時，「無法忍受不確定性」與「憂鬱」、「焦慮」或「壓力」間的正向關係較強。

　　本研究顯示再評估策略與正念策略可以作為非臨床之無法忍受不確定個體心理適應上的保護因子。依據上述結果提出研究討論，並針對諮商與輔導工作提出具體建議以供參考。

關鍵字

情緒調節策略 ； 無法忍受不確定性 ； 焦慮 ； 憂鬱 ； 壓力

並列摘要

Intolerance of Uncertainty has been found to be related with individuals’ mental health symptoms significantly, which could be an important factor to understand the mental health status of clinical and non-clinical groups. Also, literatures has found that the applications of some emotion regulation strategies may be beneficial to accomdation of individuals’ mental health. The present study aimed to examine four specific emotion regulation strategies: reappraisal, suppression, acceptance and mindfulness, in interaction with intolerance of uncertainty (IU) in predicting depression, anxiety and stress among non-clinical samples. Four-hundred and ninety eight (498) undergraduate students, including 168 (33.7%) males and 330 (66.3%) females (the average of their age is 20.12, SD = 1.86), in Taiwan completed self-report questionnaires that assessed intolerance of uncertainty, emotion regulation strategies and negative mental health symptoms. The results of the study were as follows:

1.Intolerance of uncertainty was found to be positively related with depression, anxiety and stress symptoms. Also, intolerance of uncertainty was found to be positively related with acceptance and mindfulness. Last, but not least, reappraisal, acceptance and mindfulness was found to be negatively related with depression, anxiety and stress symptoms; whereas suppression was only found positively related with depression.

2.Emotion regulation strategies of reappraisal and mindfulness were found to have significant moderate effects in the relationship between intolerance of uncertainty and mental health, including depression, anxiety and stress; whereas suppression and acceptance were not found having moderate effects in the relationship between IU and mental health. The results indicated that the more reappraisal and mindfulness strategies were used, the weaker the relationship between intolerance of uncertainty and negative mental health symptoms such as depression, anxiety and stress would be.

Together, these results indicated that reappraisal and mindfulness strategies could become the protective factors which help non-clinical individuals with high levels of intolerance of uncertainty regulating their symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress adaptively. According to the result, suggestions for future research were discussed. Also, practical advices were provided for counseling field.

並列關鍵字

Anxiety ； Depression ； Emotion regulation ； Intolerance of uncertainty ； Stress

參考文獻

Nolen-Hoeksema, S. (2000). The role of rumination in depressive disorders and mixed anxiety/depressive symptoms. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 109(3), 504-511.

中文部分

潘寶霞（2011）。探討飲食、運動健康行為對家醫科門診中年患者情緒健康狀況之影響（未出版之碩士論文）。國立臺北護理健康大學，台北市。

丁郁芙（2013）。無法忍受不確定性、擔憂及其中介變項間的關係（未出版之碩士論文）。東吳大學，台北市。

林孜嶸（2009）。建構無法忍受不確定與憂慮的關係（未出版之碩士論文）。輔仁大學，新北市。