不同完美主義領域指標與憂鬱傾向關係之研究

本研究旨在檢視完美主義的領域特定性，並探討不同完美主義領域指標與憂鬱之關係，以領域特定性觀點檢視完美主義與憂鬱的關係，探討完美主義與憂鬱的關聯模式。本研究先透過前導研究，以300位台灣大學生為樣本，使用因素分析以及變異數分析聚焦六個不同類型之領域，作為正式研究之特定領域，包括學業、口語表達、外貌、時間管理、運動與健康領域。在正式研究部份，採用問卷調查法，以322位台灣大學生為研究參與者，利用近乎完美主義量表、柯氏憂鬱量表，以變異數分析、相關分析及因素分析探討完美主義領域特定性議題，而本研究以六個單一領域、各領域加總計算，以及各領域因素萃取作為不同完美主義領域指標，探討其與憂鬱傾向的相關性，藉此了解完美主義與憂鬱的關係。研究結果發現：（1）儘管在不同領域完美主義的指標達顯著差異，但不同領域間高相關，以及六個領域經過因素分析為單一因子，研究結果支持完美主義為領域普遍性；（2）在不同領域完美主義指標的排序上，特定領域顯示性別差異，男性在運動及健康領域設定個人標準高於女性；（3）本研究結果顯示完美主義與憂鬱相關係數達顯著相關，但以學業領域、各領域總和及因素萃取等三種計算指標與憂鬱相關係數未達顯著差異；（4）本研究結果發現對於高憂鬱情緒者，完美主義與憂鬱具有更為強烈之關聯性。文中針對上述結果在研究方法以及概念上進行細部的說明與討論，並根據研究結果提出實務處遇及後續研究之建議。

關鍵字

大學生；完美主義；領域特定性；憂鬱

並列摘要

The purpose of the study was to examine the domain-specific of perfectionism, and to examine the relationship between depression and perfectionism, based on the domain-specific characteristic of perfectionism. This research is divided into a poilt study, and formal study, the pilot study recruited 300 university students and college students, and the date were analyzed by one way-ANOVA and Factor Analysis. According to the findings of pilot study, the study focused on the domains of academic, expression, appearance, time management, sports and health. The formal study recruited 322 university students and college students through Judgmental Sampling. Administered questionnaires included the Almost Perfectionism Scale, and Ko's Depressive Inventory, and the valid data were analyzed by ANOVA, Pearson’s product-moment correlation and Factor Analysis, and examine the relationship between depression and the indicators of perfectionism, include the perfectionism of the single domain, the calculation of each domains, and the extract factor of domains. The major findings were as follows:（1）Results showed that the perfectionism of the domains of academic, expression, appearance, time management, sports and health were significant in different, but here is a high relation between the perfectionism of the six domains, and the perfectionism of the six domains all a single factor had significant correlation with one factor, supporting the idea of the domain-general of perfectionism.（2）On the high standard dimension, there were significant gender differences on the perfectionism of domains: the male tend to have higher perfectionist in sports and health domains than the female.（3）A significant positive moderate correlation between depression and the indicators of perfectionism including the perfectionism of academic domain, the calculation of each domain, and the extract factor of domains was discovered, and the indicators of perfectionism. However, there was no difference among three of them.（4）The results showed a higher significant positive correlation between depression and perfectionism for the high depression group. Based on the survey and findings, this study also discussed and proposes some relevant suggestions that can be a reference for school counseling and the future researches.