家庭功能與高中職學生自傷行為之關係：以壓力因應方式為中介變項

本研究旨在瞭解高中職學生的家庭功能、壓力因應方式與自傷行為間之關聯，並檢驗壓力因應方式在家庭功能與自傷行為間所扮演之中介角色。本研究以高中與高職學生為研究對象，考量全國高中生與高職生人數比例後，採取分層（高中、高職）叢集（以班為單位）方式進行立意性抽樣，共取得1922份有效樣本（高職學生佔51.14%；男性佔46.93%），並施以「簡式家庭功能量表」、「壓力因應量表」及「自傷行為量表」，而後採用描述性統計、獨立樣本t檢定、皮爾森相關分析，以及結構方程模式等統計方式進行資料分析。研究結果發現如下：（1）過去一年高中職學生自傷行為盛行率為13.96%（95%信賴區間為12.41%－15.51%）；（2）家庭功能對自傷行為具顯著且負向預測力；（3）家庭功能分別皆可顯著且正向預測認知再建構-問題取向因應方式與尋求社會支持取向因應方式，以及顯著且負向預測逃避-情緒取向因應方式；（4）認知再建構-問題取向因應方式與尋求社會支持取向因應方式皆無法顯著預測自傷行為，僅逃避-情緒取向因應方式對自傷行為具顯著且正向預測力；（5）逃避-情緒取向因應方式能完全中介（Full mediation）家庭功能對自傷行為之預測關係。本研究檢驗了高中職學生的家庭功能和壓力因應方式對自傷行為之預測模式，並提出後續研究與實務工作建議，以供研究者、教師及實務工作者在未來研究或工作上參考，促進對自傷行為防治之瞭解。

關鍵字

中介效果；自傷行為；高中職學生；家庭功能；壓力因應方式

並列摘要

The present study aimed to understand the prevalence of family function, stress coping and nonsuicidal self-injury behavior among high school students, and we will examine the mediating role of stress coping in the relationship between family function and nonsuicidal self-injury behavior. The participants is senior high school students and senior vocational high school students. Consider the people’s percent of national high school students, we take stratified and cluster way to do intentional sampling. We gat total 1922 copies valid samples（higher vocational students accounted for 51.14；boy accounted for 46.93%）. The 「Simple Family Function Scale」, 「Stress Coping Scale」 and 「Nonsuicidal Self-Injury Scale」 were used, followed by Descriptive statistics, Independent t test, Pearson correlation analysis, and Structural equation modeling. The findings are as follows：（1）over the past year, the high school students nonsuicidal self-injury behavior prevalence rate of 13.9%（95% confidence interval of 12.41% - 15.51%）；（2）family function can negative predict nonsuicidal self-injury behavior significantly；（3）family function can positive predict cognitive reconstruction – problem focused coping and seeking social support coping significantly；（4）the cognitive reconstruction – problem focused coping and the seeking social support coping can’t predict nonsuicidal self-injury behavior, only the avoidance – emotion focused coping can positive predict nonsuicidal self-injury behavior significantly（5）Relationships of family function to predict nonsuicidal self-injury behavior, full mediated through the avoidance – emotion focused coping. The study examines the prediction model of family function and stress coping to nonsuicidal self-injury behavior, and to provide follow-up research and practical work recommendations for researchers, teachers and practitioners in future research or work on the reference to promote self-injury prevention and control of understanding.