四黃斑蛾之生活史與其切葉行為研究

The immature biology and leaf-cutting behaviors of Artona flavipuncta Hampson 1900 (Lepidoptera: Zygaenidae).

張宸睿(Chang Chen-Jui)

指導教授 ： 徐堉峰

國立臺灣師範大學/理學院/生命科學系/碩士(2018年)

https://doi.org/10.6345/THE.NTNU.SLS.020.2018.D01

摘要

四黃斑蛾Artona flavipuncta Hampson 1900在臺灣被視為稀有種的蛾類，因此本種的相關資訊如生活史及生態方面的資料也相當不足。根據調查，本種幼蟲的數量實際上不少，孵化後的小齡幼蟲會群聚刮食葉片。另外，幼蟲有一切葉的特殊行為，葉片主脈被切斷後因水分阻斷而乾枯捲曲，幼蟲則會利用這種乾枯葉片做為躲藏的棲所。本研究探討三個部分：(1) 四黃斑蛾之生活史、 (2)四黃斑蛾族群概況與其利用寄主植物的行為、(3)切葉行為與其他物種的影響關係。結果顯示四黃斑蛾完整的生活史需要花費74±3天，幼蟲取食多種薑科Zingiberaceae植物。而本種幼蟲發現可以取食萎凋的葉片，而其切葉行為可能導致同樣取食薑科植物的鱗翅目物種出現競爭關係。2015至2017年間的觀察也發現薑科植物上的物種族群數量會受本種影響。而導致四黃斑蛾成為稀有種的原因可能來自於面臨較高的寄生性天敵壓力。另一方面，切葉之後所形成的蟲巢成為其他生物的棲所，四黃斑蛾的行為也增加了棲地環境的多樣性，因此在薑科植物群落中可能扮演著一個重要的角色。

關鍵字

四黃斑蛾 ； 臺灣稀有蛾類 ； 薑科植物 ； 切葉行為 ； 蟲巢

並列摘要

Artona flavipuncta Hampson 1900 is currently considered as a rare moth species in Taiwan. The information on immature biology and host plants of this moth is largely lacking. According to observation, however, larvae of the moth are quite actually abundant. Young larvae are gregarious and scratching leaf surfaces. They also exhibit a special behavior by cutting leaves and make them curl up into shelter and dried up. Then we are interesting about the behaviors of the larvae. In this study, I focus on three aims: (1) The life history of A. flavipuncta; (2) The population profile and the behavior of using host plants of the species; (3) The impact of the leaf-cutting behavior of Artona to other species feeding on the same host plants. The results show that the complete life cycle of the species may cost about 74±3 days. Larvae feed on several Zingiberaceae plants. The leaf-cutting behavior exhibits at the fourth instar larva, and it may result in interspecific competition because Artona larvae could feed on dried leaves but other lepidopetran species may not. On the other hand, the results show that Artona population impact on number of other species feed on Zingiberaceae from 2015 to 2017. And the reason which causes the moth species to become rare may be due to high ratio of parasitism. On the other hand, leaf shelter also provides other arthropods with hiding places which cause more habitat diversity. According to the results, A.flavipuncta may play an important role of Zingiberaceae communities.

並列關鍵字

Artona flavipuncta ； rare moth species in Taiwan ； Zingiberaceae ； leaf-cutting behavior ； shelter

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