數位原生與數位移民代間資訊行為比較

Comparison of Information Behavior between Digital Natives and Digital Immigrants

楊善茵(Yang Shan-Yin)

指導教授 ： 吳美美

國立臺灣師範大學/教育學院/圖書資訊學研究所/碩士(2019年)

https://doi.org/10.6345/THE.NTNU.GLIS.003.2019.A01

摘要

在數位環境下，數位科技改變人們日常生活與資訊取得方式，本研究的目的期望探討不同世代在資訊行為上的特徵與差異，換言之，希望了解數位原生與數位移民不同世代的資訊行為與互動的情形，特別是數位原生與數位移民在工作/課業情境與日常生活情境下的資訊行為，包括在資訊尋求的歷程中產生哪些資訊需求？使用哪些資訊尋求管道？面對大量的資訊時是如何篩選合適的資訊？滿足資訊需求之後是否還會再進行資訊分享，延續資訊的價值？除了探討不同世代的資訊行為之外，還會進一步探討代間在資訊與情感交流上有何特質。
本研究採用質性取向的半結構訪談法，以滾雪球取樣方式訪談10位數位原生與10位數位移民，並輔以White等人提出的V&R地圖來描述受訪者的資訊資源使用狀況。本研究以紮根理論為依據，將收集的訪談資料加以編碼。研究結果發現（一）數位原生與數位移民在工作/學業中的資訊行為方面：（1）資訊需求與職業有關、（2）數位移民主要資訊尋求管道為尋引擎與人脈，數位原生會使用搜尋引擎、書籍與其他線上資源、（3）數位原生與數位移民皆會依據資訊權威、判斷資訊內容與詢問相關人員做為資訊評估之參考，數位原生還會觀察資訊的重複性與參考網友評論、（4）資訊的分享與資訊使用目的有關；（二）數位原生與數位移民在日常生活中的資訊行為方面：（1）數位移民與數位原生的資訊需求有知識性與消費性，數位原生還有休閒性的需求、（2）數位移民與數位原生皆會使用搜尋引擎、手機應用程式與社群網站進行資訊搜尋，數位原生還會參考網友經驗分享、人脈與書籍、（3）數位原生與數位移民在搜尋引擎檢索到的資訊會根據資訊權威、判斷資訊內容與親自查證來做評估，而社群網站則視社團人數、按讚數與內容來判斷，而數位原生還會參考網友評論、（4）數位原生與數位移民皆會使用社群網站進行大眾分享，經由貼文與轉分享傳播資訊，小眾分享方面數位移民多透過單一通訊軟體進行分享，而數位原生則會使用數個通訊工具進行分享；（三）數位原生與數位移民互動現象方面：（1）代間互動經驗上，數位原生主會教導數位移民如何使用科技工具與提供資訊，數位移民則會透過即時通訊來分享資訊與關心子女、（2）代間互動後的影響，包括：數位移民學習使用科技增加溝通管道，並且取得親友的即時動態，代間在教學上有良好的交流，不過也導致親子面對面互動減少，並且數位移民慣於尋求數位原生之協助，數位移民和數位原生相較，不易直觀使用科技產品，以及會因為資訊解讀的不同而產生衝突等。

關鍵字

資訊行為 ； 數位原生 ； 數位移民 ； 代間

並列摘要

In the digital environment, digital technology changes people's daily lives and information acquisition methods. The purpose of this study is to explore the characteristics and differences of information behavior in different generations. In other words, I would like to know the information behavior and interaction of several native and digital immigrants in different generations, especially the information behavior of several native and digital immigrants in the work/course situation and daily life situation. Do research questions include what information needs are generated in the journey of information seeking? What methods are used to seek information? How to choose the right information? Will you share the information further? In addition to exploring the information behavior of different generations, it also explores the characteristics of intergenerational communication in information and emotions.
In this study, qualitative semi-structured interviews were used to interview 10-digit native and 10-digit immigrants by snowball sampling, and the V&R map proposed by White et al. was used to describe the information resources of respondents. Based on grounded theory, this study encodes the collected interview data. The results of the study found that (1) the information behavior of several native and digital immigrants in work/study: (A) information needs are related to occupations, and (B) digital immigrants mainly seek channels to find engines and contacts. Digital natives will also use search engines, books, and other online resources, and (C) several digital natives and digital immigrants will judge the basis based on the information authority, content and relevant personnel. Digital natives will also observe the repetitiveness of information and online reviews, and (D) Information sharing is related to the purpose of information use. (2) Information behaviors of several digital natives and digital immigrants in daily lives: (A) digital immigrants and digital native information needs are knowledgeable and purchasing-oriented. Digital natives also have casual information needs, (B) digital immigrants and digital natives will use search engines, mobile applications and social networking sites for information search. Digital natives will also refer to online experience sharing, connections and books, and (C) several natives and digital immigrants will evaluated on the search engine based on information authority, content and secondary verification. They also judge the social networking site according to the number of people in the community, by the number of praises and content. Digital natives will also refer to online reviews, (D) several digital natives and digital immigrants will use the social networking site for public sharing and disseminate information through postings and sharing. For sharing in the small groups, several digital immigrants share through a single communication software, but several digital natives use several communication tools to share. (3) The interaction between several native and digital immigrants: (A) in the experience of intergenerational interaction, the digital natives will teach digital immigrants to use handheld devices and provide information. Digital immigrants will share information and care for their children through instant messaging, and (B) the impact of intergenerational interactions, including digital immigrants, learn to use handheld gadgets to increase communication channels and get instant updates of relatives and friends. There are good exchanges in teaching between generations, but it also leads to a reduction in a face-to-face interaction between parents and children. Several digital immigrants are accustomed to seeking assistance from several digital natives. Compared with digital natives, digital immigrants are not easy to use handheld electronics intuitively. Moreover, intergenerational conflicts arise due to differences in information interpretation.

並列關鍵字

information behavior ； digital native ； digital immigration ； intergenerational

參考文獻

林珊如（2002）。網路使用者特性與資訊行為研究趨勢之探討。圖書資訊學刊，17，35-47。

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黃慕萱（1994）。情境模式在解釋資訊尋求行為之適用性探討。圖書館學刊，9，49-70。

一、中文部分

台灣網路資源中心網路使用調查（2016）。TWNIC 2016年6月「寬頻網路使用調查 」報告。檢自：http://www.twnic.net.tw/download/200307/200307index.shtml