大台北地區家戶食物能源消費之探討

A Study of Household Food-related Energy Consumption in the Greater Taipei Area

蘇育弘(Su Yu-Hung)

指導教授 ： 郭乃文

國立臺灣師範大學/文學院/地理學系/碩士(2018年)

https://doi.org/10.6345/THE.NTNU.DG.023.2018.A05

摘要

人類文明的進步，使得全球能源使用普及程度越來越高，甚至生活如今已無法離開能源，然而使用能源背後必然有其該負擔的成本，資源耗損、污染排放、溫室效應、氣候變遷等皆與人類活動之能源使用有關。
在居家能源消耗相關研究中，過去研究討論焦點多聚焦於空調或是照明部份之探討，鮮少研究聚焦於與食物有關之能源消耗探討。然而，食物是居家生活重要活動之一，除了烹調活動外，食物保存保鮮設備也是現代化家庭不可或缺的基本設備；那麼食物部分的能源消耗究竟占居家能源消耗多大的比率？哪些因子是影響居家食物能源消耗差異的重要因子？
本研究選擇大台北地區作為研究對象，嘗試開發建立調查問卷，以民眾記錄自填方式收集家戶內與食物有關之能源消耗。選取台北市及新北市轄內高級中學學生作為盤查對象，在匿名填答問卷的條件之下，讓學生填寫家庭基本資料概況以及記錄家中食物相關設備能源消耗功率以及每日使用狀況。家庭基本資料包括座落位置、父母社經背景、人口結構及外食比率等不同生活因素；而在家戶食物能源消費中並區分為儲藏、烹調(再細分為早餐、中餐、晚餐)及清潔等三個部分。本研究最後共收集661份有效問卷。 根據本研究結果，發現目前大台北地區家戶食物能源消耗約佔家戶總能源消耗的32%。其中食物儲藏部分之能源消耗約為32%，食物烹調部分約為67%，最後有關清潔部分約占1%。而整體平均而言，三餐烹調耗費能源中又以晚餐之能源消耗最多。而分析探討影響家戶食物能源消費因素中，以「外食」程度最為關鍵。

關鍵字

食物能源消費 ； 家戶能源消費 ； 大台北地區 ； 外食

並列摘要

Energy consumption is a big issue in our society. To date, energy use is becoming higher and higher and it has become indispensable for one person.
With the progress of human civilization, people consume more and more energy use, and even life can no longer leave energy. However, there must be a cost to the burden behind the use of energy, such as natural resource consumption, pollution emissions, greenhouse effects, and climate change are all related to the energy use of human activities.
In the research on household energy consumption, the focus of study and discussion has focused on air conditioning or lighting in the past. There are few studies have focused on household food-related energy consumption. However, food processing is one of the important activities in home. In addition to cooking activities, food preservation equipment is also an indispensable basic equipment for families. What is the ratio of food-related energy consumption to the energy consumption of a household? What are important factors influencing the difference in household food-related energy consumption?
This study selected the Greater Taipei area as a research area, and attempted to develop a questionnaire to collect household food-related energy consumption by the public records. Students from senior high schools in Taipei City and New Taipei City were selected as subjects for investigation. Under the condition of anonymous questionnaires, students were asked to fill in the basic information of daily household energy consumption in the home. Family basic information such as location, parental background, population structure and eating out. And household food-related energy consumption is divided into three parts: storage, cooking (subdivided into breakfast, lunch, and dinner) and cleaning. A total of 661 valid questionnaires were collected at the end of the study.
According to the results of this study, it is found that the household food-related energy consumption in the Greater Taipei area currently accounts for about 32% of the total energy consumption of households. The energy consumption of the food storage part is about 32%, the food cooking part is about 67%, and finally the cleaning part accounts for about 1%. Over all, the dinner costs the most household food-related energy consumption. Furthermore, the most critical factor that affecting household food-related energy consumption is degree of “eating out”.

並列關鍵字

Food-related energy consumption ； household energy consumption ； the greater Taipei area ； eating out

參考文獻

(一)外文部分

 Canning, Patrick N. (2011). Energy use in the US food system. No. 94. Diane Publishing,.

 Steinhart, John S., and Carol E. Steinhart. (1974). Energy use in the US food system. Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison.

2. 期刊、文獻

 Biesiot, Wouter, and Klaas Jan Noorman. (1999). Energy requirements of household consumption: a case study of The Netherlands. Ecological Economics 28.3, 367-383.