新加坡華人社團的轉型與再建構──以新加坡李氏總會為例

海外華人（Overseas Chinese）與跨境∕跨國華人（Translocal / Transnational Chinese）研究中，特別是東南亞華人移民之研究，在學術界備受關注。新加坡長期是華人遷移熱區，華人文化發展久遠，具有當地文化特色。新加坡作為東南亞最為近代化的國家，是中西文化匯集之處，也是西方社會在認識東方文化上的重要窗口。在這樣特殊的地理環境與社會背景下，華人社團在其中具有什麼特色？早期華人移民大多來自閩粵一帶，因此根據家鄉方言的使用，形成新加坡最初結社分類──方言群。隨著外來人口的增加，新移民的出現，華人社群組成也有所轉變，以「血緣」作為分類依據的血緣（姓氏）社團，在地域流動加快之下在新加坡發展起來。新加坡在經歷第二次世界大戰、爭取自治與獨立建國的社會動盪後，華人社團逐步喪失在原本社會中扮演的角色。即便如此，華人社團仍舊在高度發展的現代化的國家中，透過社團轉型與在地化經驗存續下來。目前在新加坡傳統方言群、義山、廟宇的研究已經趨於成熟。然而對於血緣性會館研究仍十分缺乏，因此本研究希望在目前既有研究的概念之下，帶出對於血緣（姓氏）社團的關注。本論文以「新加坡華人社團的轉型與再建構──以新加坡李氏總會為例」為題，探討新加坡華人社團從倡議、發展，到新加坡獨立建國後之轉型與再建構的一系列過程，藉此觀察新加坡華人社團在當代新加坡社會之作用與意義。

關鍵字

海外華人；華人文化；血緣性團體；華人社會網絡；世界性華人社團

並列摘要

The study of Overseas Chinese and Translocal / Transnational Chinese, especially the study of Chinese immigrants in Southeast Asia, in the academic community has been causing concern. Singapore has long been a hotspot for Chinese migration. Chinese culture has a long history of development and has local cultural characteristics. As Singapore is the most modernized country in Southeast Asia, it is the gathering place of Chinese and Western cultures, and an important window for Western society to understand Eastern culture. In such a special geographical environment and social background, what Features does the Chinese community /Chinese association have? Most of the early Chinese immigrants came from Fujian and Guangdong. Therefore, according to the use of dialect in their hometown, they formed the original community classification of the Singapore-dialect group. With the increase of the foreign population and the emergence of new immigrants, the composition of the Chinese community has also changed. The lineage associations/The clan association, based on the classification of " kindship", has developed in Singapore with the acceleration of regional mobility. After Singapore experienced the social turbulence of the Second World War, striving for autonomy and independence, the Chinese community gradually lost its role in the original society. Even so, Chinese associations are still in a highly developed and modern country, surviving through the experience of Chinese association transformation and localization. At present, research on traditional dialect groups, Chinese Cemeteries, and temples in Singapore has matured. However, there is still a lack of research on the lineage associations, so this research hopes to bring attention to the lineage associations under the concept of existing research. This article is titled “Transformation and Reconstruction of Chinese Community in Singapore: A Case Study of Singapore Lee Clan General Association”, to discuss the development of Singaporean Chinese associations from initiate and development to Singapore’s independent statehood, a series of processes of transformation and reconstruction, in order to observe the role and significance of the Singaporean Chinese association in contemporary Singapore society.