武滿徹《群鳥降臨星形庭園》暨自我創作分析

二十世紀開始，大量的作曲家以新穎的風格與創作手法來表現自身的音樂，形成許多不同的流派。而從小自學成家的日本作曲家武滿徹(Toru Takemitsu, 1930-1996)早年藉由模仿西方音樂的創作手法與法國多層次的音樂色彩，造就他早、中期的前衛音樂風格；晚期融入自身傳統東方文化思維、日本民族特色與他所熱愛的自然元素，相互結合為武滿徹獨有的音樂語言，使其呈現自然的空間感與時間感，表現出日本文化精神。武滿徹在1977年創作的管絃樂作品《群鳥降臨星形庭園》(A flock descends into the pentagonal garden, 1977)為晚期的代表作之一。本論文主要探討武滿徹的生平、音樂風格和音樂觀，研究此曲的創作背景與理念、曲式、音階、和聲與樂曲分析。最後藉由此作品對筆者的影響，將所得之結果融入於自我創作中。

關鍵字

武滿徹；群鳥降臨星形庭園；自然觀；時間觀；日本文化；日式庭園

並列摘要

Since the 20th century, more and more composers startes to incorporate fresh styles and composing techniques into their works, which led to the emergence of several musical genres. Toru Takemitsu(1930-1996), a self-taught Japanese composer, whose mid-early style and works were considered contemporary, as he imitated western music styles and techniques as well as infused French music characteristics. Takemitsu’s later works incorporated his own Japanese ethnic, eastern culture as well as elements from the nature, creating a unique musical language of his own to effortlessly express his Japanese culture through transmitting senses of time and space with his music. In 1977, Takemitsu composed his orchestral work ‘A flock descends into the pentagonal garden’, which is considered one of the significant works in his late years. This research aims to firstly provide an overall analysis on Takemitsu’s musical styles and views. Then, background of ‘A flock descends into the pentagonal garden’ and a detailed musical analysis into this piece will be given. Lastly, through the understanding of Takemitsu as a composer and his work, an examination on how these views can be incorporated into my future compositions will be presented.