大專院校脊髓性肌肉萎縮症學生使用3D列印握筆器之個別化設計發展與功能表現

脊髓性肌肉萎縮症學生通常因為生理障礙，在就學、未來就業和就養各方面都需要科技輔具載具來改善功能表現，其中於寫字能力上的差異，更需個別化調整，因此，搭配3D列印技術的發展，可製作客製化產品的特性，能讓其因障礙所受到得限制最小化。本研究目的在於建立 3D 列印技術於製作握筆器之個別化設計與發展，並探討脊髓性肌肉萎縮症學生之功能表現。研究方法採用單一個案研究法之跨行為多基線設計，以脊髓性肌肉萎縮症學生為對象，探討建立3D 列印技術個別化製作握筆器流程以及抄寫表現；整個實驗啟程耗時約一個月，握筆器原型共經歷六次調整；其中，本研究以「基本讀寫字綜合測驗」探討抄寫速度表現、以光學字元辨識軟體判讀其抄寫品質表現。經過施測、介入後，結果顯示：一. 3D 列印技術應用於個別化握筆器之設計與發展是具可行性。二. 脊髓性肌肉萎縮症學生使用3D列印握筆器後，抄寫速度是能有所提升。三. 脊髓性肌肉萎縮症學生使用3D列印握筆器後，抄寫品質是有被改善。本研究亦針對研究參與者、研究工具、製作技術等相關面向給予建議，提供未來研究者在3D列印技術、在特殊教育領域中可精益求精，為更多有特殊需求的學生解決問題。

關鍵字

脊髓性肌肉萎縮症； 3D列印；握筆器；抄寫表現

並列摘要

Students with Spinal Muscular Atrophy(SMA) usually need technical aids to improve their functional performance in school, workplace, and at home. Since the students’ writing ability varies, the aids require individual adjustments. Therefore, with the characteristic of 3D printing technology, which is customizing products, 3D-printed assistive designs can minimize the restrictions from the obstacles faced by SMA students. The purpose of this study was to establish the individualized design and development with 3D printing technology, to create pencil grip, and to explore the functional performance of the 3D printing pencil grip. The research participants of this study were SMA students who are in the university. For the official tests of the grip, the study used the single-subject research for multiple baseline designs across behaviors to establish pencil grips’ making process based on the subject’s writing performance. To analyze writing performance, “The Battery of the Chinese of Pupils” was administered and the optical character recognition software was applied to discuss the writing speed performance and writing quality. After comparing the baseline performance with intervened one, the results showed: 1. It was feasible to design and develop individualized 3D printing pencil grips. 2. 3D printing pencil grips could be used by students with SMA to increase the writing speed. 3. Writing quality of students with SMA had been improved after using the 3D printing pencil grips. The research also provided suggestions for future research on research participants, research tools, production techniques, and other related aspects, in order for researchers to excel in 3D printing technology and special education, and solve problems for more students with special needs.