角色衝突對學生運動員生涯發展之研究：以運動員認同為調節變項

學生運動員的雙重身分在生活上的適應與未來職涯發展是相當重要的階段，然而過去大多探討學生運動員的自我效能、生涯信念對於生涯發展的影響，鮮少以角色面向去探討學生運動員在角色知覺上的看法，進而影響在未來生涯上的選擇。本研究目的為探究角色衝突與運動員認同對於學生運動員生涯發展是否有相關性，並以運動員認同為調節變項，分析運動員認同對於角色衝突與生涯發展之間的調節效果。本研究採用立意取樣進行問卷調查，研究對象為參與臺灣運動企業聯賽之大專院校學生運動員，共獲得251份有效問卷，並以描述統計、皮爾森積差相關、階層迴歸分析進行資料分析，最後綜整得到研究結果，獲致以下結論：一、參與臺灣運動企業聯賽之大專院校學生運動員的運動員認同、角色衝突與生涯發展具有顯著相關性。二、以運動員認同為調節變項時，在角色衝突與生涯發展之間具有正向調節效果。學生運動員在角色知覺認知上，會受到運動員認同程度的影響，進而對未來的生涯規劃。而學生運動員因雙重身分關係，投入於兩者不同角色時可能因為外在因素，例如對專項運動承諾很高、價值觀、重要他人或是社會環境的影響，而強化自己身為運動員角色的認同。在兩者角色互相抵觸時，如只有單一的運動員認同時又對角色產生模糊的話易產生負面影響，那麼在面對未來生涯探索時也會有不同選擇。基於上述研究結論，建議教練或學校單位，可以培養學生運動員正向的信念、增強對自己的運動員認同感，以利於在生涯發展做出正確的選擇。

關鍵字

學生運動員；角色；生涯發展；運動員自我認同

並列摘要

The main purpose of this study was to explore the correlation between athlete identification and role conflicts on the career development of student athletes, and analyze the effect of athlete identification on role conflict and career development. This study used questionnaires to conduct a questionnaire survey. The study subjects were 251 valid questionnaires for college students participating in the Taiwan Sports Enterprise League. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, Pearson's product correlation, and Hierarchical Regression Analysis. The results of the research were obtained and the following conclusions and recommendations were obtained: 1. There is a significant correlation between athlete identification, role conflict and career development of college athletes participatin in the Taiwan Sports League. 2. When athletes identify as variables, there was a positive adjustment effect between role conflict and career development. Student athletes will be influenced by the degree of athlete recognition in the role perception perception, and then plan for the future career. Student athletes, due to their dual status, may be able to strengthen their identity as athletes because of external factors such as high commitment to specific sports, values, important others, or social environment. When the roles of the two conflict with each other, if only a single athlete agrees and the role is blurred, it is easy to have a negative impact, so there will be different choices in the face of future career exploration. When athletes agree, it was easy to have a negative impact on the role, so there will be different choices in the face of future career exploration. Based on the above research conclusions, it is suggested that the coach or school unit can cultivate the positive belief of the student athletes and enhance their sense of identity with their athletes, so as to facilitate the correct choice in career development.