利用中央山脈中段地震網尋找新的長微震震源

Search for New Sources of Ambient Tremor Using Local Seismic Network

吳郁柔(Wu Yu-Jou)

指導教授 ： 陳卉瑄

國立臺灣師範大學/理學院/地球科學系/碩士(2020年)

https://doi.org/10.6345/NTNU202000338

摘要

非火山自發型長微震(non-volcanic tremors)是慢地震家族的一員，常見於大型隱沒帶或板塊邊界型斷層，在孕震帶更深處，以數分鐘至數小時的持續時間釋放能量，對應的地震矩能量可高達規模六的一般地震，是了解板塊邊界的孕震潛能不可或缺的課題。臺灣的自發型長微震，過去被發現頻繁地發生在中央山脈南段下方，其特徵為地震波持續時間數分鐘至半小時，振幅與背景噪訊相當且無明顯體波波相，需依賴多測站微小波包之相近到時方能定義。長微震震源區是否僅限於中央山脈南段？測站密度能否影響震源位置？為釐清此點，本研究利用架設的臨時中央山脈中段地震網（位於長微震震源區北方，彌補原有地震網的空區），以進行長微震的自動化偵測和目視確認，進一步分析臺灣長微震的空間特徵。
　　在2013年1月至2014年1月研究期間內，我們發現長微震空間分布集中於兩區：(1)中央山脈南段的長微震震源區，震源深度約15至50公里，呈南北向並向東傾，若合併前人研究目錄討論2007-2016年此區活動度，發現與潮汐之半日潮(M2)高度相關；(2)中央山脈北段的長微震震源區，長微震數量較稀疏，震源深度超過15公里並呈垂直分布，位在中央山脈斷層地震帶與縱谷斷層地震帶之間，與過去重複地震在縱谷北段下方的富集位置相近，然而由於此區仍處於區域地震網的邊陲，長微震定位的誤差仍大，未來要釐清此新震源區之確切深度方部及構造含義，須利用海底地震儀的資料，並建立更長期的目錄以利用統計上有意義的事件群，進一步定義長微震的空間特性和可能的孕震機制。

關鍵字

長微震 ； 中央山脈

並列摘要

Non-volcanic tremor is one type of of slow earthquakes phenomena. It has been detected mainly in plate boundaries including subduction zones and transform faults and is usually found to occur below the seismogenic zone. The seismic characteristics include small amplitude, long duration of several minutes to hours, no obvious arrival of body waves, and the main frequency band of 2-8 Hz. By geodetically detected slow slip events, the equivalent seismic moment could be up to Mw 6. In Taiwan, ambient tremor events were previously detected in south Central Range with duration ranging from several minutes to thirty minutes. The location of ambient tremor, although showing location uncertainty below 10 km, is determined using the stations located to south of 23.5°. Whether different source of tremor can be found using widely distributed stations remains unknown. In this study, we aim at adding temporary mountain array to the north of 23.5° in middle Central Range, to address: Are there any tremor source located outside the previously recognized source area? Does coverage of station distribution influence the tremor location? And what is the spatial and temporal characteristics of ambient tremor detected using the mountain array? During the study period from January 2013 to January 2014, we found tremor mainly concentrated in the two areas: (1) South Central Range, here tremor events are located in a depth range of 15 to 50 kilometers with north-south striking feature, consistent with the previous discovery (2) middle Central Range ( northern than 23.5°N), here tremor events are vertically aligned and located deeper than 15 kilometers, roughly underneath the eastern flank of the Central Range. The new tremor source is located near the edge of seismic station coverage, leading to large location uncertainties of greater than 10 km. From the mapview, however, we found that the newly discovered tremor activity is roughly overlapped with the location of repeating events along the Central Range fault. By integrating with previous tremor catalogs, the temporal evolution of tremor activities in Taiwan illustrates a quiescence during the period of 2013-2015, while the rest of the study period from 2007 to 2016 reveals the concentration in southern Central Range. The cause of the tremor quiescence may provide the clue for the generation mechanism of tremor, however, requires the analysis on the long-term tidal, GPS, precipitation data in the future.

並列關鍵字

ambient tremor ； central range

參考文獻

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