結合無線傳輸之布基摩擦起電元件的研製

Development of fabric-based triboelectric devices combined with wireless transmission

柯棋澤(KO Chi-Tse)

指導教授 ： 楊啓榮

國立臺灣師範大學/科技與工程學院/機電工程學系/碩士(2020年)

https://doi.org/10.6345/NTNU202001377

摘要

摩擦起電器(Triboelectric generator, TEG)是藉由簡單的物理性接觸，將機械能轉換為電能輸出。然而，目前多數的摩擦起電器主要是使用金屬與ITO薄膜作為電極材料，這些材料的可撓性較差使得摩擦起電器的應用受到侷限，故本論文使用市售的導電布料當作電極，並使用平滑、粗糙、多孔與含有氧化石墨烯(Graphite oxide, GO)等四種PDMS作為摩擦層，實現製作簡單、低成本、高可撓性、高穩定性，且尺寸為70×50 mm2的單電極式布基摩擦起電元件。
研究結果顯示使用含有GO之PDMS (GO@PDMS)作為摩擦層的元件，透過SF6電漿進行表面改質處理，具有最佳的開路電壓與短路電流輸出，分別為140.37 V與2.57 μA。此外，也發現加厚摩擦層會使接觸時之表面積有一定程度的增加，但是約到1.6 mm時能增加的接觸面積已趨近飽和，而在持續增加厚度的情況下，輸出性能反而會呈現降低的趨勢。此外，也針對元件的作動頻率與施力大小對輸出性能進行探討，發現作動頻率越高對於輸出電流有較明顯的提升，而作動元件之外力逐漸增加也能使輸出提升，但當施力達6 N以上輸出會趨近穩定。最後，本研究也評估負載電阻對輸出電壓與輸出電流的影響，並進一步得知當負載電阻為50 MΩ時，可得到的最大功率為130.5 μW。
此外，經由耐久性與耐洗性的測試，證實本論文發展的元件之性能極為穩定，並藉由元件之柔軟與舒適的特點，將其整合至衣服、鞋子與褲子，以獲取運動過程中所產生的能量，藉由不同的動作獲取機械能，而得到相對應的輸出電壓與波形，並藉由波型的特徵來判斷動作形態，故可達到動作感測的應用。最後，用手拍打元件可將180顆串聯的綠光LED燈泡點亮，也使用橋式整流電路並聯電容器，再將其充電，透過按鍵開關將能量用來驅動LED燈，證明本研究之元件確實可以當作微型發電機來使用。另外，為了達成無線傳輸與感測的應用，也透過藍芽無線模組與兩個反向放大器，將布基摩擦起電元件所感測到的電壓訊號經過訊號處理後，可無線傳至電腦或手機APP中並顯示即時的波形，證明其未來可應用於具無線傳輸功能的感測領域。

關鍵字

布料 ； 氧化石墨烯 ； 單極式摩擦起電器 ； 無線傳輸

並列摘要

Triboelectric generators (TEGs) use simple physical contact to convert mechanical energy into electrical output. However, most of the TEGs mainly use metal and ITO films as electrode materials. These materials without high flexibility will limit the application of the TEGs. Therefore, this study uses commercially available conductive fabrics as electrodes, and uses four PDMS surfaces with smooth, rough, porous and graphene oxide (GO) as the friction layers, to achieve simple production, low cost, high flexibility, high stability single-electrode-mode fabric-based triboelectric devices with the size of 70 × 50 mm2.
The results show that the fabric-based triboelectric device using PDMS with GO (GO@PDMS) as the friction layer has the best open circuit voltage and short circuit current output after SF6 plasma surface modification treatment, which are 140.37 V and 2.57 μA respectively. In addition, it was also found that when the thickness of the friction layer increases, the surface area during contact will increase to a certain extent. But when it is about 1.6 mm, the contact area that can be increased and close to saturation, so it will only increase the thickness and reduce the output performance as the thickness is over 1.6 mm. We also discussed in terms of devices actuation frequency and applied force. It is found that the higher the actuation frequency, the output current increases significantly, and the gradual increase of the applied force can increase the output performance, but when the force reaches 6 N or more, the output will tend to be stable.
Evaluated the effect of load resistance on the output voltage and current, and further learned that when the load resistance is 50 MΩ, the maximum power is 130.5 μW. Durability and washing resistance tests also confirmed that the performance of the device is extremely stable. We integrated the device into clothes, shoes and trousers to obtain the energy generated during exercise, and the different wave patterns collected can be used to determine the action form, so it can be used for motion sensing. On palm tapping the device, 180 green LEDs connected in series can be lit up, and also use a bridge rectifier circuit in parallel with capacitors, and then charge them. The energy can drive the LEDs through the switch key.
The Bluetooth wireless module and two reverse amplifiers are also used to process the voltage signals sensed by the device, which can be wirelessly transmitted to a computer or mobile APP, proving that it can be applied to the sensing field with wireless transmission function in the future.

並列關鍵字

fabric ； graphene oxide ； single-electrode-mode triboelectric nanogenerators ； wireless transmission

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