論換位重置下的調適模式與創造性破壞：以屏東平原水分配為例

本研究立足於水的新區域與新自由化為視角，探討水分配的過程中，以區域融合為政策目標的理論觀點與經驗分析。本研究目的有四，包含一、梳理水分配的系譜與衝突問題的根源。二、以地方尺度的衝突案例歸納區域融合的問題。三、以理論觀點解釋分配與區域融合產生的新區域。四、從新區域發展過程中建構水分配的優化。取水空間成為政經交會的結點，以水分配的合理性為脈絡的系譜考究後發現，水分配歷經現代秩序及失序後，正處於全球分配的新秩序中，而台灣在水帳不明與管理失靈的雙重條件下提供仿生資本積累的環境；本研究基於分工而提出的｢換位重置(Shift-Reset)｣是主要命題，梳理分工的時空耦合以界定研究範圍；藉由地下根莖的概念連結碎片與異質性是研究策略。取徑後結構主義對資本主義反思的思維為主要論述方法，以屏東平原上的地下水分區作為研究的主要空間範圍，並將時間範圍聚焦於1970年至今的水分配高張力時期，採用的研究方法包括個案研究法、次級文獻法、訪談法、田野考察、三角檢證等。五個研究個案發生水衝突的時間範圍從1973年到2017年，空間範圍分布在地下水分區內，行政範圍包括高雄市與屏東縣，分別是｢新園鄉埋管補償｣、｢里港鄉封井斷電｣、｢大潮州人工湖｣、｢萬丹鄉凍弄井｣、｢美濃區反深水井｣。經由五個地方個案的研究分析與討論後發現，屏東平原的水分配在近半世紀以來有劇烈的變遷，空間範圍由地面水擴大到地下水區，行政範圍也含括高雄市與台南市，尤其在產業轉型中，水分配突顯出政治與經濟為了回應自身於全球分配的處境，所做出的調適模式與地方影響，同時有以下具體結果：一、換位重置的角色是隨新自由市場而動態展演，權益相關者服從指令，在分工過程自利。二、仿生資本藉由生物特質中的最低資源成本發展出：多權責尺度的分工、鑲嵌與滲透、調適與演進、優化期待的投資等方法。三、區域融合的目標，透過轄域、解域再結域的過程進行，但在對話空間仍存在異質性時，衝突將持續發生。四、新區域的自明形式是特殊的社會凝聚力，可有效抵抗仿生資本的轄域。五、仿生資本於區域融合過程中以｢創造性破壞｣與｢破壞性創造｣的交相作用，有效操作變革、創新、改善等有爭議的進步，指導新區域邁向優化的迴路。六、市場代理是連結政治與經濟的重要機制，能用貨幣與契約進行空間再結域以及權力的再鞏固，執行優化迴路的整合。

關鍵字

分配；區域融合；屏東平原；仿生資本；再結域

並列摘要

Based on the perspective of new regional and neoliberalization of water, this study discusses the theoretical and empirical analysis of regional integration as the policy objective in the process of water distribution. The aim of this study has four. First is to sort out the pedigree and root of the conflict of water distribution. Second is, according to the local scale cases, to analyze the regional integration. From the theoretical point of view, the third aim explains the new region generated by distribution and regional integration. And forth is constructing the optimization of water distribution in the process of new regional development. Water intake space has become the node of political and economic interaction. After a careful study of the pedigree with the rationality of water distribution as the thread, it is found that water distribution is in the new order of global distribution following the modern order and disorder, while Taiwan provides an environment for Biomimicry capital accumulation under the dual conditions of unclear water account and regulatory failure. Based on division of labor, Shift-Reset is the main proposition. The spatial-temporal coupling which combs the division of labor defines the scope of research. By the concept of rhizome, connecting debris with heterogeneity is the research strategy. The main discussion method is to take the thinking from the reflection of post structuralism on the capitalism. The main spatial scope of the study locates at the division of groundwater in the Pingtung plain, while the period of time focuses on the high tension of water distribution from 1970 to present. The research methods applied to this study include case study, secondary literature, interview, field investigation, and triangle verification. The time span of water conflicts in five research cases is from 1973 to 2017, and the spatial scope is distributed in the groundwater area. The administrative field includes Kaohsiung City and Pingtung County, and they are "Xinyuan buried pipe compensation", "Ligang well closure and power shutdown", "dachaozhou artificial lake", "Wandan frozen well", and "Meinong anti deep well", respectively. Through the analysis and discussion of the five local cases, it is found that the water distribution in the Pingtung plain has changed dramatically over the past five decades. The spatial scope has expanded from surface water to groundwater area, and the administrative field straddles between Kaohsiung and Tainan. Especially in the industrial transformation, it is more obvious that the water distribution highlights the adjustment mode and local influence which the political and economic efforts respond themselves to the situation of the global distribution. Meanwhile, the research derives the following specific results: First, the role of Shift-Reset is a dynamic performance switched by the neoliberal market. In this scenario, the rights and interests of the stakeholders conform to the instructions, and all participants in the process of division are self-interested. From the lowest cost of resources in biological characteristics, biomimicry capital develops the following methods: the division of multiple responsibilities and multiscale, embeddedness and penetration, adaptation and evolution, optimization of expected investment. The goal of regional integration is achieving through the process of regionalization, deregionalization, and reterritorialization, but when there is still heterogeneity in the dialogue space, conflicts will continue to occur. Forth, the self-explanatory form of the new region is a special social cohesion which can resist the scope of biomimicry capital effectively. Fifth, in the process of regional integration, biomimicry capital, through the interaction of "creative destruction" and "disruptive creation", effectively operates the controversial progress blended reformation, innovation, and improvement, etc., to guide the region towards a new optimized circuit. Sixth, the market proxies is a major mechanism connecting politics and economy and that is able to use money and contract to carry out the spatial reterriorialization and the power re-consolidation in order to implement the integration of optimization circuit integration.

並列關鍵字

Distribution ； Regional Integration ； Pingtung Plain ； Biomimicry Capital ； Reterritorialization

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論換位重置下的調適模式與創造性破壞：以屏東平原水分配為例

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