社會體型焦慮、運動動機與主觀幸福感研究：自我寬容的調節效果檢驗

Examining the relationship between social physique anxiety, exercise motivation, and subjective well-being: The moderating effect of self-compassion

倪瑛蓮(Ni Ying-Lien)

指導教授 ： 陳美燕

國立臺灣師範大學/運動與休閒學院/體育學系/博士(2016年)

https://doi.org/10.6345/NTNU202204843

摘要

本研究主要立基於自我決定理論觀點，探詢年輕女性社會體型焦慮與主觀幸福感間的運作機制及其自我寬容的調節效果。據此，研究一首先針對中文化自我寬容量表進行信效度檢驗。接續，研究二旨在檢驗運動動機是否中介社會體型焦慮與主觀幸福感關係，以提供實證支持社會體型焦慮經由運動動機而影響其主觀幸福感的中介效果，其次，檢驗自我寬容是否對社會體型焦慮與運動動機具有調節效果，再者，進一步檢驗自我寬容是否調節運動動機對社會體型焦慮與主觀幸福感的中介效果，以提供實證支持自我寬容所具有的調節效果。本研究之兩個子研究皆採問卷調查法，研究一以310位之大專校院在學生為研究對象；研究二則以270位國立臺灣師範大學之女大學生為樣本，分別進行資料收集與分析。研究一結果顯示，中文化自我寬容量表具有良好之信、效度。另則，研究二發現，年輕女性運動動機會部份中介社會體型焦慮與主觀幸福感關係。再者，自我寬容未能調節社會體型焦慮與運動動機的關係；然而，自我寬容中的自我仁慈與正念可分別調節社會體型焦慮與內在調節運動動機的關係。此外，自我寬容亦未能調節運動動機對社會體型焦慮與主觀幸福感的中介效果，然而，自我仁慈與正念可分別調節內在調節運動動機對社會體型焦慮與主觀幸福感的中介效果。據此，擁有較低程度自我仁慈與正念的個體，會因社會體型焦慮而產生較低內在調節運動動機，並連帶影響主觀幸福感。整體而言，本研究結果部分支持研究假設，有關研究結果的學理貢獻及實務應用將於內文一併討論，以做為研究人員在女性社會體型焦慮相關研究議題開拓之依循，同時，提供體育運動課程對於女性身體意象建立以及日後女性運動參與推廣之參酌。

關鍵字

社會體型焦慮 ； 運動動機 ； 主觀幸福感 ； 自我寬容 ； 調節式中介

並列摘要

Grounded in self-determination theory (SDT), this study explores the relationship between social physique anxiety, exercise motivation, and subjective well-being and the moderating effect of self-compassion. This article includes two independent studies to answer the research questions. In study 1, we validated the Chinese version of self-compassion measure. The specific aims in study 2 are (a) to examine the mediating effect of exercise motivation on the relationship between social physique anxiety and subjective well-being; (b) to investigate the moderating role of self-compassion between social physique anxiety and exercise motivation; and (c) to explore whether the self-compassion moderates the mediating effect of exercise motivation on the relationship between social physique anxiety and subjective well-being. Survey research techniques were used in the two studies. In study 1, 310 undergraduate students were recruited as the research participants. In study 2, participants were 270 female undergraduate students recruited in National Taiwan Normal University. The results indicated that the Chinese version of self-compassion measure revealed well reliability and validity. Also, the findings provided an empirical support that exercise motivation would partially mediate the relationship between women’s social physique anxiety and subjective well-being. In addition, women’s self-compassion would not moderate the relationship between social physique anxiety and exercise motivation. However, self-kindness and mindfulness, the components of self-compassion, would attenuate the negative relationship between social physique anxiety and the exercise motivation of intrinsic regulation. Findings also revealed that self-compassion would not moderates the mediating effect of exercise motivation on the relationship between social physique anxiety and subjective well-being. But the mediation effect of intrinsic regulation on the relationship between social physique anxiety and subjective well-being was significant only for women with low self-kindness (low mindfulness), not for women with high self-kindness (high mindfulness). To sum up, the findings of this study are partially supported research hypothesis. Accordingly, further theoretical and practical implications are discussed and offered at the end of this paper.

並列關鍵字

social physique anxiety ； exercise motivation ； subjective well-being ； self-compassion ； moderated mediation

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