皮膚健康教育介入之成效：以臺北市社區為例

本研究主要探討皮膚健康教育介入之成效，運用介入路徑圖，發展皮膚健康教育方案並採用整合行為模式的架構，自行編撰皮膚健康行為量表，以準實驗設計，立意取樣台北市社區居民20歲以上成年男女性共60人，實驗組31人與控制組29人。以次數百分比描述兩組之控制變項，以平均值與標準差描述兩組之效標變項，並以卡方檢定及獨立t檢定兩組之同質性，配對t檢定探討兩組前、後測之變項關係，以廣義估計方程式探討兩組效標變項之斜率差異。研究結果如下：一、兩組間之控制變項除了性別以外，皆無統計上顯著差異。二、實驗組有關皮膚健康知識、皮膚健康自我效能、皮膚健康行為意圖以及皮膚泛紅特徵於課程介入之前、後測，有達統計顯著差異。控制組有關皮膚健康行為意圖於課程介入之前、後測有達統計顯著差異，皮膚健康知識、皮膚健康自我效能以及皮膚泛紅特徵於課程介入之前、後測未有達統計顯著差異。三、實驗組有關皮膚健康知識、皮膚健康自我效能、皮膚健康行為意圖以及皮膚泛紅特徵於課程介入後，顯著優於控制組。四、運用整合行為模式提昇皮膚健康知識、增強皮膚健康自我效能以及皮膚健康行為意圖、降低皮膚泛紅特徵有顯著差異。五、降低皮膚泛紅特徵與提昇皮膚健康知識有顯著相關。本研究課程搭配教學工具對於提升皮膚健康知識、增強皮膚健康自我效能、增強皮膚健康行為意圖，降低皮膚泛紅特徵具有很好的成效，因此，運用整合行為理論改善研究對象之皮膚健康，可做為公共衛生政策制訂之參考。建議擴大研究年鹷範園及樣本，皮膚健康教育介入計劃能持續推動且擴及其他場域的合作，以增進國人皮膚健康。

關鍵字

皮膚健康教育介入；皮膚健康指標；整合行為模式；自我效能；空氣汙染；台北市社區

並列摘要

This study investigated the effectiveness of skin health education as an intervention in Taiwan. The present study developed a skin health education program based on an intervention mapping and formulated a skin health behavior scale based on an integrated behavior model. This study adopted a quasi-experimental design and used purposive sampling to recruit 60 community-dwelling adults (≥ 20 years old) in Taipei. The participants were assigned to experimental and control groups which including 31 and 29 individuals, respectively. Control variables and criterion variables of two groups were presented in the forms of percentage and mean (± standard deviation). A chi-square test and an independent sample t-test were performed to examine the homogeneity between the two groups. A paired t-test was conducted to examine the pretest-posttest differences. A generalized estimating equation was applied to compare the slopes of criterion variables between two groups. The results of the study are as follows: First, there were no statistically significant differences in control variables between the two groups, except for gender. Second, in the experimental group, there were statistically significant differences in skin health knowledge, skin health self-efficacy, skin health behavior intention, and skin redness feature before and after the intervention. After the intervention, the control group's intention of skin health behavior had significantly improved, whereas there were no statistically significant differences in skin health knowledge, skin health self-efficacy, and skin redness features. Third, after the course intervention, the skin health knowledge, skin health self-efficacy, skin health behavior intention, and skin redness feature in the experimental group improved better than the control group. Fourth, using an integrated behavior model to enhance skin health knowledge, skin health self-efficacy, and skin health behavior intention, and to reduce skin redness feature showed a significant effect. Fifth, reducing the redness of the skin was significantly associated with skin health knowledge improvement. This intervention program integrated with teaching tools for promoting skin health knowledge, enhancing skin health self-efficacy, enhancing skin health behavior intention, and reducing skin redness features showed its effectiveness. Therefore, using an integrated behavior model to improve the skin health of the citizens, can be used as a reference for public health policy formulation. The skin health education intervention program can continue to expand cooperation with other fields to promote skin health, thereby improving the skin health for citizens in Taiwan.