不同高爾夫球桿面對推桿表現之影響

The Effects of Different Faces on Golf Putting Performance

吳彥磊(Wu Yen-Lei)

指導教授 ： 黃長福

國立臺灣師範大學/運動與休閒學院/體育學系/博士(2020年)

https://doi.org/10.6345/NTNU202001659

摘要

高爾夫球市場伴隨龐大高爾夫球運動器材市場與商機，尤其以球具功能重要。高爾夫球器材廠商持續導入先進製程與設計，持續球具的研發、開發與設計以幫助高爾夫參與者達最佳表現。研究目的針對使用不同高爾夫球桿面對於推桿表現之影響，針對其推桿動作與球滾動之運動學參數。受試對象為22名受過高爾夫球運動專項訓練的體育系男性，並進行兩公尺與四公尺距離測試。本研究使用超聲波儀器 (Puttlab 6, Science & Motion Sports, GmbH, Flörsheim, Germany, 70Hz *3)進行推桿運動數據蒐集。球滾動參數使用高速攝影機 (BlackFly, FLIR Systems, Virginia, USA, 120Hz)，以橫狀面座標校正後進行捕捉與分析。本研究針對市場推桿表面加工參數之推桿進行進球率、推桿與球滾動運動學蒐集並進行單因子變異數分析(α = .05)，如達差異則利用LSD法進行事後比較。接者針對水平出球角度、球初速度與球滾動距離進行多元迴歸分析。結果發現桿面有加工的進球率不管是兩公尺與四公尺都較高。加工深度會影響滑度比例與滾動比例，但不一定會降地球滾動距離。多元迴歸結果顯示推桿桿面為影響出球角度最主要因子。桿頭速度為影響出球速度最主要因素，上擊球角度未增加出球速度。出球速度、速度比例與滾動比例為影響球滾動距離最主要因素。研究結果對於未來推桿設計上很有幫助並且可應用在推桿教學應用。未來研究可針對不同果嶺速度、距離與果嶺坡度進行資料蒐集，並加入更多運動生物力學參數分析。

關鍵字

高爾夫球運動 ； 運動器材設計 ； 推桿設計 ； 推桿運動學 ； 球滾動運動學

並列摘要

The golf market is accompanied by vast golf equipment and business opportunities, especially the advancement in the golf equipment performance and function. Golf equipment manufacturers consistently introduce advanced manufacturing processes, R&D, designs, and continue to develop and help golf participants achieve their best performance. There have been very few researches on human using different face milling putters. Most research used mechanical or simulation as the primary analysis method and did not collect the kinematic parameters of putter and ball rolling. Twenty-two healthy males were conducted as subjects with experiment distances from two and four-meters distances. The study used the ultrasonic instrument (Puttlab 6, Science&Motion Sports, GmbH, Flörsheim, Germany, 70Hz *3) to collect putting kinematic data. The ball rolling parameters are captured and analyzed using a high-speed camera (BlackFly, FLIR Systems, Virginia, USA, 120Hz) positioned on the transverse plane above the intended line of putt. The face geometries that were tested were the mainstream face milling parameters. ANOVA variance analysis (α = .05) was performed to analyze between face geometries and putter-ball kinematic data, and the LSD method was used for post-hoc analysis. Multiple regression analysis was implemented to determine critical predictors for the horizontal angle of the ball, the initial ball velocity, and the ball rolling distance. The study concludes that putter face milling can enhance putting performance. Deep milling may increase roll ratio but does not loss of ball distance. The putter face angle is the main predictor for horizontal launch angle, and roll ratio is predictive for horizontal launch angle from four meters. Putter velocity is the main predictor of ball velocity. A positive rise angle does not enhance ball velocity. Ball velocity and roll ratio are two main predictors to roll distance. Findings will be beneficial for future putter equipment design and putter coaching. Future studies can add biomechanical data along with different green speed, distance, and slope.

並列關鍵字

Golf Sport ； Sports Equipment Design ； Putter Design ； Putting Kinematics ； Ball Roll Kinematics

參考文獻

Aldrich, D. (2004). Surface engineering and golf. Surface Engineering, 20(1), 1-3.

Alessandrini, S.M. (1995). A motivational example for the numerical solution of two-point boundary-value problems. SIAM review, 37(3), 423-427.

Alexander, D.L., Kern, W. (2005). Drive for show putt for dough? An analysis of the earnings of PGA tour golfers. Journal of Sports Economics, 46(6), 46-60.

Arakawa, K., Mada, T., Komatsu, H., Shimizu, T., Satou, M., Takehara, K., & Etoh, G. (2007). Dynamic contact behavior of a golf ball during oblique impact: Effect of friction between the ball and target. Experimental mechanics, 47(2), 277-282.

Bowerman, B. L., & O'connell, R. T. (1990). Linear statistical models: An applied approach. Brooks/Cole.