戰爭時期臺日高校生文藝活動―以臺北高等學校傳閱雜誌《雲葉》與《杏》為例

本研究以台北高等學校的學生於1943年到1945年間自主發行的傳閱雜誌《雲葉》與《杏》為研究對象，探討戰爭時期台北高校生的文藝活動。《雲葉》是1940年入學台北高校尋常科的學生們，在就讀四年級時所發行的班級雜誌。《杏》則是以台北高校高等科二年級與三年級的三位理科生為中心所發行的雜誌，兩刊均以日語寫作，包含詩、俳句、和歌、隨筆、創作(短篇小說)、研究論文等作品。　本論文釐清：第一，台北高校生從事文藝活動的時空背景。首先說明設立於日本明治時代的高等學校之發展過程與代表性的學生文化及理念，進而說明台北高校作為殖民地台灣設立唯一的高等學校及該校文藝活動、其所擁有的特色，以及戰爭時期下，校園與社會產生之變化。第二，過去尚未為人所知，將手稿訂成一本的《雲葉》與《杏》計14冊，其編輯者與作者之背景、創刊雜誌之動機、編輯方式、各號的變遷等編輯情形。第三，對現存的戰前發行之《雲葉》與《杏》所刊作品中展現的學生思維足跡。多達300篇的作品分為「以外在環境為題材」與「以內心世界為題材」兩大類，再進一步地進行細部分析，並留意兩刊之異同而展現台灣學生與日本學生、尋常科學生與高等科學生各自的思維及敘述觀點。自明治時期以來，高等學校始終堅持的人道主義、國際主義、個體尊重等價值，以及透過學問養成領袖人物之教育理念，與軍國主義、國家主義等當局強加於國民之上的國家體制背道而馳。本研究闡明戰時體制之下的高校生文藝活動，學生們仍堅持高等學校傳統的資質與理念，熬過大時代的轉變。本研究對台灣文學研究中的日本語文學及校園文學，以及台灣教育史研究中的戰爭時期台日高校生生活文化史，有補充之效。

關鍵字

台北高等學校；日本語；文藝活動；戰爭時期；傳閱雜誌；軍國主義；菁英；雲葉；杏

並列摘要

This study aims to explore the student culture of Japanese colonial Taiwan with special focus on the Taihoku Higher School(THS). Using the 1943-1945 circular magazines Un-nyo（雲葉）and Anzu （杏）as major examples, I discuss the literary works of the students during the war-time period. Un-nyo was edited by senior students who entered into the common department(尋常科) of THS in 1940. Anzu was edited by three students of the higher department(高等科) who majored in sciences. Both magazines contain poem, Haiku, Waka, essays and short story along with research reports written in Japanese. 　 The main purposes and key arguments of this study can be summarized in threefold. First of all, I clarify the historical background of the student literary works. Founded in Meiji period, the Higher schools in Japan have their unique ideals, history and student culture. As the only higher school in colonial Taiwan, THS carries on the special intellectual heritage. And the campus and student culture transformed during the war-time period. Secondly, I uncover rare sources of student magazines. Consisting of fourteen volumes, this copy of Un-nyo and Anzu is the only available source on THS student culture. The case studies offer detailed introduction of the magazine editors and authors and discuss the changing motivation, styles and contents of every issue. Last but not least, I provide in-depth analysis of more than three hundred texts of magazines Un-nyo and Anzu. Look into the external circumstances and inner world of these literary works, I pay special attention to the difference between Taiwanese and Japanese students and compare the modes of thinking and narrative between students from the common and higher departments. Higher schools and their graduates in Japan have been proud of their education ideals of humanism, cosmopolitanism, individualism and intellectual leadership which contrast sharply from the practices of militarism and nationalism of Japanese state. I argue that students of Taihoku higher school continued to observe their ideals and tradition throughout the war-time period. These important cases will contribute to the study of Japanese-language Taiwanese literature and shed new light on the history of education and war-time student culture in colonial Taiwan.