奧托里諾・雷史畢基《B小調小提琴奏鳴曲，作品一一零》之分析與演奏詮釋

奧托里諾・雷史畢基(Ottorino Respighi, 1879-1936)為二十世紀義大利音樂貢獻不少的管弦樂作品，他成熟的管弦樂配器法也成為後代義大利作曲家的模範，進而在義大利音樂歷史中成為舉足輕重的音樂家。在雷史畢基有生之年結識了許多音樂家，進而影響他的音樂風格與作品上的成就；除此之外，雷史畢基出生於文化古都的波隆那，環境的影響使他特別喜愛研究文藝復興以及巴洛克早期的音樂，這些古代作品逐漸地烙印在他的想像中，因此嘗試仿作許多十八世紀的作品，並以現代的配器法加以呈現。雷史畢基第一部以羅馬自然景觀為主題的交響詩《羅馬之泉》(Fontane di Roma)成功首演之際，他的朋友紛紛建議他開始構想二重奏的室內樂作品，因此1917年完成他生平唯一一首正式出版且較為成熟之器樂奏鳴曲《B小調小提琴奏鳴曲，作品一一零》(Violin Sonata in B minor, P. 110)。由於雷史畢基對於管弦樂的聲響有著豐富的想像，因此將許多管弦樂的演奏技法寫入鋼琴中，也給予此首小提琴奏鳴曲非常強烈的戲劇張力。本論文主要探討《B小調小提琴奏鳴曲，作品一一零》，共分為五個章節：第一章為緒論，描述研究動機與方法，以及研究範圍與目的；第二章為文獻探討，主要概述雷史畢基之生平介紹，以及列舉出他各個時期的發展之重要作品，再藉由這些作品分析出他音樂的寫作特色，接著最後介紹《B小調小提琴奏鳴曲，作品一一零》的創作背景與首演資料；第三章為樂曲分析，參考Ricordi於1947年出版的版本；第四章為鋼琴合作核心之探討、詮釋探討與有聲資料比較，由鋼琴合作為出發點進行論述，以及分析四種不同演奏家所詮釋的版本，為樂曲的詮釋進一步分析；第五章為結語。

關鍵字

B小調小提琴奏鳴曲，作品一一零；非歌劇作曲家；義大利作曲家；奧托里諾．雷史畢基；鋼琴合作；羅馬之泉

並列摘要

As a non-operatic composer, Ottorino Respighi (1879-1936) contributed not only a lot of orchestral works to 20th-century Italian music, but also his mature orchestration as a paragon to later Italian composers. As a result, Respighi became a critical musician in the history of the Italian music. During his lifetime, Respighi encountered many musicians, which had influences on his style and the success of his works. Additionally, born in Bologna, an ancient cultural capital in Italy, Respighi had an enthusiasm for studying Renaissance and early Baroque music so that stimulated him to compose the pastiche of 18th-century music with the modern orchestration, due to the imagination of these ancient works. After the successful premiere of his first symphonic poem Fontane di Roma with the theme of the natural landscape of Rome, Respighi’s friends offered him some advices to conceive a duet chamber music, and the first officially published instrumental sonata Violin Sonata in B Minor, P. 110 was consequently completed in 1917. Because of the rich sounds of orchestration, Respighi wrote many orchestral performance techniques into the piano part, which gave this violin sonata a dramatic tension. This thesis is mainly about Violin Sonata in B Minor, P. 110. There are five chapters, started with motivation, purpose, scope and research method described in chapter I. An overview of Respighi’s biography, the lists of his significant works during his lifetime, his composition styles through these critical works are introduced in Chapter II. In addition, the background and the premiere of Violin Sonata in B Minor P. 110 are demonstrated as well. In Chapter III, this part analyzes the composition published by Ricordi in 1947. In Chapter IV, the core-values of Collaborative Piano is introduced first, and followed by the interpretation of music from Collaborative Piano, the comparison of four versions interpreted by different performers. And finally, the conclusion of this thesis can be found in Chapter V.